Kingdom Plantae - The Angiosperms

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the Angiosperms, including their structures, functions, and classifications.

What are Angiosperms also known as?

Flowering plants.

What is the major advance in plant evolution represented by Angiosperms?

The evolution of specialized reproductive structures.

What are the four principal organ systems of Angiosperms?

Leaves, Stems, Roots, and Flowers.

What structure in leaves allows for gas exchange?

Stomata.

What happens to guard cells when they absorb water?

They become more 'bean shaped' and cause the stomata to open.

What is the main function of stems in Angiosperms?

Conduction of materials, orienting leaves, providing structural rigidity, and promoting growth.

How do roots benefit plants?

By absorbing water and minerals from the soil and anchoring the plant.

What are the male and female reproductive parts of a flower?

Stamens (male) and Carpels (female).

What distinguishes Monocots from Dicots?

Monocots have one cotyledon and parallel leaf veins; Dicots have two cotyledons and netlike leaf veins.

What are the two types of seed structures found in plants?

Seed coat and endosperm.

What is co-evolution in the context of flowers and pollinators?

The mutual influence that flowers and pollinators have on each other's evolution.

What are the primary types of non-flowering plants mentioned in the lecture notes?

Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.

What is a key characteristic of Gymnosperms?

They produce pollen and have 'naked' seeds.

How are flowers structured to attract pollinators?

They include modified leaves such as sepals and petals arranged in rings.

What is the primary role of the anther in flowering plants?

To produce pollen as part of the male reproductive structure.