Zoology exam 3

Which of the following is true regarding the style sac in the bivalve digestive system? A. It is important for delivering food from the gills into the mouth B. It is lined with mucus glands for trapping food particles, which are carried into the mantle cavity. C. It secretes a gelatinous rod, the crystalline style, which contains digestive enzymes. D. all of the above are correct.

C

Most freshwater clams have a stage that attaches to the gills of fish and lives as a parasite for a few weeks? A. glochidia B. trochophore C. miracidia D. umbo

A

The circulatory system of cephalopods is more efficient than that of other molluscs because? A. They have an open circulatory system unlike most other molluscs B. They have brachial hearts that help increase oxygenation of their blood C. They lack gills and instead have book lungs, which are more efficient for gas exchange D. All of the choices are correct

B

Which of the following statements is not true of cephalopods? A. Visual acuity underwater surpasses that of humans. B. Can be taught to discriminate between shapes C. most have color vision D. Sensory systems are more elaborate than in other molluscs

C

The cephalopod nervous system is best described as? A. absent B. primitive and very little advanced from that of a cnidarian C. the most advanced among molluscs D. More complex than ours.

C

A bird has difficulty pulling an earthworm form its earthen burrow because of small chitinous bristles called? A. parapodia B. setae C. annuli D. segments

B

The body wall of an annelid consist of? A. an epidermis and longitudinal muscles only, as is the case with nematodes B. a non-living cuticle, and only inner circular muscles to squeeze the cuticle C. a bare epidermis without a cuticle and with inner circular muscles and outer longitudinal muscles D. An epithelium that secretes cuticle, and layers of both longitudinal and circular muscles

D

How do segmented worms elongate or stretch lengthwise? A. contracting circular muscles B. contracting the longitudinal muscles C. forcibly expanding the circular muscles D. forcibly expanding longitudinal muscles

A

Where would you find the oldest segments on a annelid? A. along the dorsal surface of the worm B. In the parapodia along the sides of the worm. C. Near the posterior of the worm, just in front of the pygidium D. In the anterior of the worm, just behind the peristomium.

D

Polycheates differ from other annelids because polychaetes? A. Lack any head or specialized sense organs B. have a citellum used for reproductive purposes. C. Lack Setae D. Have paired parapodia on most segments

D

Which of the following would be correctly associated with the polychaete shown in the image to the right? A. Sexual reproduction B. Clitellum C. Epitoke D. Chromatoopores

C

How do lugworms obtain their nutrition? A. They use their crown of tentacles to grab prey that come close to their tube. B. They are internal parasites of marine fish and use their parapodia to pierce into blood vessels. C. They live in kelp forests and eat the blades of the algae using their sharp jaws and teeth. D. They use sand in their burrows to filter out food particles and then eat the food laden sand.

D

Which of the following is false regarding beard worms? A. They live in soft sediments on the ocean floor in extremely deep water. B. They have an anchoring posterior segment called the opisthosoma, which is segmented. C. They have a trophosome organ that houses photoautotrophic fungi. D. They have no mouth or digestive tract- they obtain most of their energy form mutualistic bacteria.

C

Select the list below that contains characteristics typical of oligochaetes? A. Segmentation, a closed circulatory system, and metanephridia B. Segmentation, open circulation, and protonephridia C. an exoskeleton, metanephridia, and a pseudocoelom D. An exoskeleton, malpighian tubules, and a true coelom

A

The circulatory system in the earthworm? A. Has a dorsal vessel as the main pumping organ. B. Is absent since all respiration is across the epidermis C. Is an open system where hemolymph washes through body sinuses. D. Has no pumping structure but depends on the action of body muscles to move the blood.

A

Reproduction in the earthworm involves? A. parthenogenesis B. cross-fertilization between two hermaphroditic organisms. C. Self-fertilization D. cross-fertilization between two dioecious organsims

D

A leech? A. has a clitellum only during the breeding season. B. has a fixed number of segments C. has both anterior and posterior suckers D. all of the choices are correct

D

A unique feature of the leech nervous system is that? A. leeches completely lack the ability to perceive chemosensory signals. B. They can join their nervous system with nerves in the host tissue C. Leeches have two brains, one anterior and one posterior D. leeches have excellent color vision

C

A current use of medicinal leeches is to? A. Use them to clean out dead tissue from a wound B. Apply them to remove ectoparasites form a region C. Apply them to a severed digit to remove pooled blood and draw in fresh blood. D. All of the choices ae correct

C

Which of the following statements is not correct about nematodes? A. Nematodes lack circular muscles under the tegument B. they are all predatory without any herbivores or parasites C. The body cavity provides a hydrostatic skeleton. D. Nematodes have an unsegmented outside body wall.

B

Copulatory spicules in nematodes function to? A. hold the female vulva open against hydrostatic pressure B. Attract the female C. store sperm in the male until copulation occurs D. store sperm in the female after copulation

A

If you are discovered to have an infection of ascaris worms, your most likely danger is? A. anemia B. blockage of the intestines C. destruction of tissues as it migrates through your body. D. Lymph blockage

B

How do you become infected with Necator americanus hookworms? A. You consume contaminated water or food B. you eat uncooked meat C. mosquitoes inject them into your bloodstream D. Larvae burrow into your feet

D

The mild nematode infection somewhat common among children in the southern U.S. and transmitted as eggs from anal to oral regions by the hands is? A. pinworms B. Trichinella C. Ascaris D. Hookworm

A

Dogs commonly suffer from heartworm caused by? A. eating raw meat infected with Trichinella B. filaria worms C. nematodes consumed as eggs in contaminated water D. none of the choices are correct

B

Nematomorphs? A. are called spiny-headed worms. B. are found in a vertebrate host's liver C. are fee-living as juveniles , but parasitic on vertebrates as adults D. are free-living as adults, but parasitic on arthropods as juveniles.

D

Which of the following is not true regarding onochoporans? A. They have a tracheal system for gas exchange. B. They have hydroscopic receptors to find areas with high water vapor. C. They have four sets of antenna that they use for sensing stimuli in their environment. D. They secrete a sticky substance used for prey capture and defense.

C

The process by which tardigrades are able to withstand harsh environmental conditions is called? A. cryptobiosis B. buccal diffusion C. ecdysozoasis D. parthenogenesi

A

The arthropods? A. make up more than 3/4 of all known species of animals. B. are more widely distributed throughout the world than members of any other phylum of animals. C. Are segmented and have well-developed organ systems. D. all of the choices are correct.

D

The correct order for layers of arthropod exoskeleton from outside to inside is? A> endocuticle-epicuticle-exocuticle B. exocuticle-endocuticle-epicuticle C. epicuticle- exocuticle-endocuticle D. exocuticle-epicuticle-endocuticle

C

Trilobites exist today as? A. horseshoe crabs B. fossils only C. terrestrial crustaceans D. freshwater dwellers

B

Chelicerate arthropods possess? A. antennae B. pedipalps C. mandibles D. all of the choices are chelicerate features

B

Which of the following is not a taxonomic group of chelicerates? A. Chilopoda (centipedes) B. Opiliones (daddy longlegs) C. Araneae (spiders) D. Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)

A

Male sea spiders have_, which are modified legs for carrying their fertilized eggs. A. telsons B. opisthosoma C. spinnerets D. ovigers

D

Spiders breathe by means of? A. book lungs and/or tracheae B. gills C. diffusion across the soft cuticle. D. Coal glands

A

Spider silk? A. is used differently by different spider species. B. is very strong but not at all flexible C. is only produced by spiders that form webs to catch insects D. All of the choices are correct

A

A male spider inseminates a female spider by? A. Dancinging a female over a spermatophore packet. B. picking up sperm in his pedipalps and then inserting the pedipalps into the female's genital opening. C. transferring sperm via silk. D. fertilizing the eggs after they are laid in an egg case

B

Which is not a correct association of scorpion structures and functions? A. Pectines-tactile organs to explore the ground B. Chelicerae-large six-jointed pincers C. Spermatophore-a packetof sperm D. Postabdomen-bears a tail with sting

B

Which order of arachinids is considered the most medically and economically important? A. Araneae B. scorpionida C. Opiliones D. Ascari

D

Members of Order Acari carry their mouthparts on a little projection called the? A. rostrum B. capitulum C. hypostome D. pedipalp

B

Centipedes? A. are herbivorous B. have five pairs of legs C. have venom claws D. are parthenogenetic and always oviparous

C

You are given a large tropical millipede to raise in a humid terrarium lined with soil and leaf litter. What should you feed it? A. insects B. earthworms C. sliced apples and dead soft plant tissues D. fresh meat or dog food

C

Which of the following options correctly describes the evolutionary origin and adaptive radiation of molluscs? A. Molluscs originated in freshwater, and then invaded both terrestrial and marine environments. B. molluscs originated on land, all classes then invaded both freshwater and marine environments. C. Molluscs originated on land, all classes then invaded freshwater and the bivalves and gastropods invaded marine environments. D. Molluscs originated in marine environments, bivalves and gastropods invaded freshwater environments and just gastropods invaded the land.

D

The Radula? A. is found in the mantle cavity of most molluscs B. has been modified in some species for filter feeding. C. not only rasps off fine food particles, but also serves as a conveyor belt to carry food toward the digestive tract D. All of the choices are correct

C

Although snails and some other molluscs are hermaphroditic, most molluscs are either male or female, a condition called? A. Asexual B. monoecious C. dioecious D. parthenogenetic

C

Which of the following has the steps of molluscan larval development in the correct order? A. egg-veliger-trochophore-juvenile B. egg-trochophore-veliger-juvenile C. egg-juvenile-veliger-trochophore D> egg-trochophore-juvenile-veliger

B

Which of the following is true about shell of molluscs? A. The inner-most layer is the perisostracum and it is made up of thin layers of calcium carbonate B. the outer-most layer is the nacre layer and it is made up of a horny organic layer of protein C. the middle layer is the prismatic layer and it is made up of calcium carbonate in a protein matrix D. None of the above are correct.

C

Torsion? A. Begins in the veliger stage. B. Is a distinctive characteristic of gastropods. C. shifts the anus 180 degrees. D. All of the choices are correct

D

What is the function of "love" darts in terrestrial gastropods? A. adding extra nutrition to eggs to increase the survival of offspring B. Injecting a toxin that causes a rival to be too slow to mate C. heightening the arousal of a partner and promoting sperm survival. D. pinning down a partner during copulation so they cannot escape

C

Which of the following is true regarding bivalve gills? A. bivalves have lost their right gill and one of the filaments on their remaining left gill. B. Bivalves have shortened gill filaments to reduce abrasive damage during filter feeding C. bivalves do not have gills and instead have gas exchange across the mantle cavity. D. Bivalves have two gills with lengthened W-shaped filaments fused into plate-like lamellae.

D