INTERPRETING GRAPHS

Line Graph

A graph with points connected by segments that examines changes over time, with the horizontal axis representing the independent variable (usually time) and the vertical axis representing the dependent variable.

Bar Graph

A graph that uses rectangular horizontal or vertical bars to display information, with categories on the horizontal axis and quantity on the vertical axis.

Circle Graph

A circular chart divided into parts to show the relative size of values, where each part is calculated as a percentage of the total.

Mean

The average of a data set calculated by dividing the sum of all numbers by the number of elements in the set.

Median

The middle number of a data set when ordered; if there are an even number of items, it is the average of the two middle numbers.

Mode

The number or numbers that occur most often in a data set.

Range

The difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set.

Coordinate Plane

A two-dimensional number line with an x-axis (horizontal) and a y-axis (vertical), where each ordered pair or coordinate is expressed as (x, y).

Area

The number of unit squares that fit inside a two-dimensional object, measured in square units (e.g., feet squared, meters squared).

Pythagorean Theorem

A fundamental geometry concept stating that in a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides, represented as a² + b² = c².