5.04 Psychology of social situations: Intrapersonal factors

social norms

expectations that dictate what behaviors are considered appropriate or inappropriate in a society.

social roles

the expected behaviors of a person in a given setting or group.

influences of social roles

1. expectations

2. identity formation

3. norms and values

4. socialization

5. social influence

6. cognitive processes

7. self-concept and self esteem

conformity

the tendency of individuals to adjust their behavior, attitudes, and beliefs with those of a majority group or the prevailing social norm.

obedience

involves compliance with direct commands or orders from (legitimate or perceived) authority figures, even if they conflict with personal beliefs or morals).

false consensus effect

cognitive bias wherein individuals tend to overestimate the extent to which others share their beliefs, attitudes, opinions, or behaviors.

assumptions of universality

individuals may mistakenly believe that their own preferences, values, or behaviors are typical or “normal”, expect others to think or act similarly.

confirmation bias

false consensus effect can reinforce existing beliefs by leading individuals to interpret others’ behaviors as validating their own.

social influence

false consensus effect influences social interactions by shaping expectations of how others will respond to certain situations or stimuli.

conflict resolution

situations of disagreement or conflict, the false consensus effect can hinder effective communication and compromise.

group polarization

false consensus effect contribute to group polarization, where individuals within a group become more extreme in their view following a discussions with like-minded others.

decision making

overestimate the popularity to success of their preferred options.