A&P Quiz 2

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Last updated 5:28 PM on 7/2/26
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20 Terms

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Amphipathic
Having both a hydrophilic (water-attracting) region and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) region.
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Fluid Mosaic Model
The model describing the plasma membrane as a flexible phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.
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Hydrophilic
Having an attraction to water because of polar or charged properties.
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Hydrophobic
Repelling water because of nonpolar properties.
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Integral Protein
A membrane protein embedded within or spanning the phospholipid bilayer.
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Peripheral Protein
A membrane protein attached to the inner or outer surface of the membrane.
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Glycoprotein
A membrane protein with attached carbohydrate chains that functions in cell recognition and communication.
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Glycolipid
A membrane lipid with an attached carbohydrate chain involved in cell recognition.
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Cholesterol
A lipid that helps maintain membrane fluidity and stability in animal cells.
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Membrane Fluidity
The ability of membrane components to move within the phospholipid bilayer.
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Concentration Gradient
A difference in the concentration of a substance across a space or membrane.
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Diffusion
The passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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Osmosis
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
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Facilitated Diffusion
The passive movement of molecules through membrane proteins down their concentration gradient.
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Passive Transport
The movement of substances across a membrane without the use of cellular energy.
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Active Transport
The movement of substances across a membrane against their concentration gradient using ATP.
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Channel Protein
A membrane protein that forms a pore allowing specific molecules or ions to cross the membrane.
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Carrier Protein
A membrane protein that changes shape to transport specific substances across the membrane.
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Sodium-Potassium Pump
A transport protein that uses ATP to move sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell against their concentration gradients.
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Aquaporin
A channel protein that specifically facilitates the movement of water across the plasma membrane.