computing M3

System unit

a case that contains electronic components of the computer

motherboard

main circuit board of the system unit

processor

also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

control unit

the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

arithmetic logic unit

performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

A computer ___ contains integrated circuits

chip

The pace of the system clock is called the ______, and is measured in gigahertz

clock speed

system clock

controls the timing of all computer operations

Memory

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data

Flash memory

can be erased electronically and rewritten

system unit contains two types

Volatile memory and Nonvolatile memory

Volatile memory Loses its contents when power is turned off

TRUE

Nonvolatile memory Does not lose contents when power is removed

TRUE

Nonvolatile memory lose contents when power is removed

FALSE

Three basic types of RAM chips exist: Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Static RAM (SRAM) Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM

TRUE

Dynamic RAM

random-access memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit

Static RAM

has three different states. It can be in: standby (the circuit is idle), reading (the data has been requested) and writing (updating the contents)

Magnetoresistive RAM

data is not stored as electric charge or current flows, but by magnetic storage elements.

usually reside on a memory module and are inserted into memory slots

RAM chips

The amount of RAM necessary in a computer often depends on the types of software you plan to use

TRUE

The amount of RAM is not necessary in a computer often depends on the types of software you plan to use

FALSE

Memory cache speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data

TRUE

It speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data  

Memory cache

Memory cache

It speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data  

Read-only memory

memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

Read-only memory (ROM) refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

TRUE

refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

Read-only memory (ROM)

Flash memory can be erased electronically and rewritten

TRUE

Firmware can be erased electronically and rewritten

FALSE

Flash memory

can be erased electronically and rewritten

CMO Stechnology does not provides high speeds and consumes little power

FALSE

hard disk drive

a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic surfaces. Strictly speaking, "drive" refers to a device distinct from its medium

DVD

also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc," is an optical disc storage media format. Its main uses are video and data storage.

Blu-ray Disc (also known as Blu-ray or BD) is

an optical disc storage medium to supersede the standard DVD format. Its main uses are for storing PlayStation 3 games, high definition video and data storage with up to 50GB per disc.

USB flash drive

consists of a NAND-type flash memory data storage device integrated with a (Universal Serial Bus) interface.

memory card

a solid-state electronic flash memory data storage device capable of storing digital contents.

These are mainly used with digital cameras, handheld and Mobile computers, mobile phones, music players, digital cinematography cameras, video game consoles, and other electronics

A memory card or flash memory card

The keyboard is used to type data into the computer.

TRUE

move some object on the screen and can do some action.

Pointing devices

Scanner

allows you to scan documents, pictures or graphics and view them on the computer. It converts image into dots that the computer can understand

Digital cameras are used to take electronic pictures of an object.

TRUE

are used to put sound into a computer

Microphones

shows the processed information on screen.

Monitor

Printers

produces a hard copy of the information. The information is printed on paper and can be used when the device is off.

Speakers are used to output sound.

TRUE

The radix, or base, of a number system is the total number of unique symbols available system.

TRUE

The smallest valued symbol always has a magnitude of one less than the radix.

FALSE

Decimal notation

is the writing of numbers in the base-ten numeral system, which uses various symbols (called digits) for ten distinct values (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9) to represent numbers.

digits are often used with a decimal separator which indicates the start of a fractional part, and with one of the sign symbols + (plus) or − (minus) to indicate sign

TRUE

a positional numeral system; it has positions for units, tens, hundreds, etc.

decimal system

its place value is based on the number two.

binary system

1's complement • Done by inverting the binary digits (e.g. 1 becomes 0, 0 becomes 1) in the subtrahend.

TRUE

1's complement •Done by finding the 1’s complement of a binary number in the subtrahend then add 1.

FALSE

2's complement • Done by finding the 1’s complement of a binary number in the subtrahend then add 1.

TRUE

For every instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic operations, which comprise a machine cycle.

TRUE