2130 - Personality

Four Kinds of Data

Refers to "S" Data (Self-Reported), "I" Data (Informant), "L" Data (Life), and "B" Data (Behavioral) used in personality psychology research.

"S" Data

Self-Reported Data, the most common way to gather information about individuals through surveys.

"I" Data

Informant Data, obtained by asking others to report on an individual's behavior or personality.

"L" Data

Life Data, involves observing traces of behavior in real-life settings like digital records or living spaces.

"B" Data

Behavioral Data, collected by watching natural behavior in various contexts, including experiments and physiological measures.

Realistic Accuracy Model (RAM)

A model used for decision-making that involves data collection, analysis, and application in fields like business, healthcare, and education.

Lens Model

A psychological framework explaining how people form impressions and make judgments based on available cues and personal beliefs.

Impression Formation

The process of forming initial perceptions of others based on various cues like behavior and communication.

Personality Judgements

Involves assessing an individual's personality traits based on observable behaviors and cues, influenced by stereotypes and personal beliefs.

Act Frequency Approach

A method in personality psychology focusing on individual differences in behavior frequency as a reflection of personality traits.

Cognitive Affective Personality System (CAPS)

A theoretical framework by Mischel and Shoda proposing that personality is a dynamic system of cognitive and affective units.

Cognitive units

Include an individual's thoughts, beliefs, and expectations in the CAPS model.

Affective units

Refer to emotions and feelings in the CAPS model.

Person-situation interaction

Emphasized in CAPS, it highlights how cognitive and affective units interact with the environment to shape behavior.

Density distributions

Patterns of behaviors or traits observed in a population, providing insights into frequency and distribution.

Principles of personality

Fundamental concepts guiding the study of individual differences in behavior, thoughts, and emotions.

Trait perspective

Personality traits are stable characteristics influencing behavior.

Social-cognitive perspective

Personality is shaped by social factors according to principles of personality.

Modern Personality People

Refers to researchers like Buss, Mischel, Shoda, Fleeson, and McAdams in the study of personality.

Extraversion

Refers to a personality trait, with density distributions showing the range and common levels of extraversion in a population.