Brain topography

In cerebrum and cerebellum, gray matter is ______ and white

matter is ______.

external; internal

In the spinal cord, gray matter is ______ and white

matter is ______.

internal; external

gray matter

clusters of neuronal cell bodies/nuclei

white matter

predominance of myelinated axons

Gyrus

Fold or convolution of cerebral and cerebellar hemisphere surface

Sulcus

Groove between gyri

Fissure

A deeper sulcus or cleft, usually dividing brain lobes

1

sulcus

2

gyrus

3

fissure

4

gray matter

5

white matter

central sulcus separates

the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

lateral sulcus seperates

the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes

parieto-occipital sulcus separates

the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe

pre central gryi

Brodmann 4

central pyri

Brodmann 3, 1, and 2

post central gyri

Which lobe is a major part of the cerebral cortex?

the front lobe

Which of the following gyri is not located in the frontal lobe?

central

Which of the following sulci is not located in the frontal lobe?

anterior frontal

The primary motor cortex is located in which Brodmann area and structure?

B4 - precentral gyrus

The primary motor cortex is responsible for approximately what percentage of initiation of voluntary movement?

65%

The remaining initiation of voluntary movement (about 35%) is primarily associated with which cortical area?

parietal B 3,1,2 somatosensory cortex

Which frontal lobe area is primarily involved in motor planning?

premotor cortex B6

Broca’s motor speech cortex is located in which Brodmann areas?

B44 and part of B45

Broca’s area (usually on left side) is primarily responsible for:

Production of written and spoken language

Which frontal lobe region is most associated with executive functions, personality, insight, and behavioral control?

Prefrontal cortex (B 9–12)

A line drawn from the pre-occipital notch to the parieto-occipital sulcus separates the temporal lobe from which lobe?

occipital

Which line helps separate the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe on the lateral surface?

Perpendicular line from the end of the lateral fissure to the parieto-occipital line

Which of the following gyri is NOT part of the temporal lobe on the lateral view?

precentral

The supramarginal gyrus is located at the end of which structure?

lateral fissure

The angular gyrus is located at the end of the:

superior temporal sulcus

Which sulci are found on the lateral surface of the temporal lobe?

superior and middle temporal

The primary auditory cortex corresponds to which Brodmann area?

B41

The primary auditory cortex is primarily responsible for:

Reception of sound

Heschl’s convolutions is located

mostly in temporal floor of lateral fissure

In addition to the primary auditory cortex, the temporal lobe also contains:

auditory secondary sensory areas

Which sensory system has secondary sensory areas located in the temporal lobe?

visual

The primary vestibular cortex is associated with which Brodmann area?

B anterior 40

The primary vestibular cortex is primarily responsible for:

Discrimination of head position and head movements

Wernicke’s receptive language area is most directly responsible for:

Comprehension of spoken language

Wernicke’s area includes portions of which Brodmann areas?

B part of 22, 39, posterior 40

parietal 20

parietal 21

flow of information (come back)

B41 → X SAA→ B22,39,40 → X → B44-part 45 → B6/B4

In the occipital lobe, rhe cuneus gyrus is located:

above calcarine fissure

In the occipital lobe, which gyrus lies below the calcarine fissure?

lingual

The medial sulci of the occipital lobe include which of the following?

Parieto-occipital sulcus and calcarine fissure

The primary visual cortex corresponds to which Brodmann area?

B17

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