ap gov chapter 2 vocab

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Last updated 1:27 AM on 8/25/26
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25 Terms

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Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union

a governing document that created a union of thirteen sovereign states in which the states, not the national government, were supreme

<p>a governing document that created a union of thirteen sovereign states in which the states, not the national government, were supreme</p>
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unicameral

a one-house legislature

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Shay’s Rebellion

a popular uprising against the government of Massachusetts

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Constitutional Convention

a meeting attended by state delegates in 1787 to fix the Articles of Confederation

<p>a meeting attended by state delegates in 1787 to fix the Articles of Confederation</p>
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writ of habeas corpus

the right of people detained by the government to know the charges against them

<p>the right of people detained by the government to know the charges against them</p>
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bills of attainder

when the legislature declares someone guilty without a trial

<p>when the legislature declares someone guilty without a trial</p>
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ex post facto laws

laws punishing people for acts that were not crimes at the time they were committed

<p>laws punishing people for acts that were not crimes at the time they were committed</p>
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Virginia Plan

a plan of government calling for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature, where more populous states would have more representation in Congress

<p>a plan of government calling for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature, where more populous states would have more representation in Congress</p>
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New Jersey Plan

a plan of government that provided for a unicameral legislature with equal votes for each state.

<p>a plan of government that provided for a unicameral legislature with equal votes for each state.</p>
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Grand Committee

a committee at the Constitutional Convention that worked out the compromise on representation

<p>a committee at the Constitutional Convention that worked out the compromise on representation</p>
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Great (Connecticut) Compromise

an agreement for a plan of government that drew upon both the Virginia and New Jersey Plans; it settled issues of state representation by calling for a bicameral legislature with a House of Representatives appointed proportionately and a Senate appointed equally

<p>an agreement for a plan of government that drew upon both the Virginia and New Jersey Plans; it settled issues of state representation by calling for a bicameral legislature with a House of Representatives appointed proportionately and a Senate appointed equally</p>
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bicameral

a two-house legislature

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3/5th compromise

the agreement reached by delegates at the Constitutional Convention that a slave would count as three-fifths of a person in calculating a state’s representation

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Compromise on Importation

Congress could not restrict the slave trade until 1808

<p>Congress could not restrict the slave trade until 1808</p>
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separation of powers

a design of government that distributes powers across institutions in order to avoid making one branch too powerful on its own

<p>a design of government that distributes powers across institutions in order to avoid making one branch too powerful on its own</p>
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checks and balances

a design of government in which each branch has powers that can prevent the other branches from making policy

<p>a design of government in which each branch has powers that can prevent the other branches from making policy</p>
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federalism

the sharing of power between the national government and the states

<p>the sharing of power between the national government and the states</p>
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legislative branch

the institution responsible for making laws

<p>the institution responsible for making laws</p>
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expressed or enumerated powers

authority specifically granted to a branch of the government in the constitution

<p>authority specifically granted to a branch of the government in the constitution</p>
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necessary and proper or elastic clause

language in Article I, Section 8, granting Congress the powers necessary to carry out its enumerated powers

<p>language in Article I, Section 8, granting Congress the powers necessary to carry out its enumerated powers</p>
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implied powers

authority of the federal government that goes beyond its expressed powers

<p>authority of the federal government that goes beyond its expressed powers</p>
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executive branch

the institution responsible for carrying out laws passed by the legislative branch

<p>the institution responsible for carrying out laws passed by the legislative branch</p>
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judicial branch

the institution responsible for hearing and declaring cases through the federal courts

<p>the institution responsible for hearing and declaring cases through the federal courts</p>
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supremacy clause

constitutional provision declaring that the constitution and all national laws and treaties are the supreme law of the land

<p>constitutional provision declaring that the constitution and all national laws and treaties are the supreme law of the land</p>
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amendment

the process by which changes may be made to the constitution

<p>the process by which changes may be made to the constitution</p>