Antisemitism Test/Quiz - Hon. Holocaust/Human Behavior Seminar

anti-Zionism

opposition to Zionism which supports a Jewish nation state in the territory defined as the Eretz Israel (the Land of Israel)

Xenophobia

the fear of foreigners/unknown

Oberammergau

place in Germany where a Medieval passion play is performed every 10 years

- (next in May of 2030)

Cantonists

- underage Jewish boys taken from their families between 1827-1855 on average age 14 for a preparatory period

- they were taken before their 25 year service in the Russian army.

- 50,000 were forcibly recruited.

- Jewish boy drafted into the Russian army

- made a "little Russian" out of you

- some men would get married and they would let them not go since they were married

- they would use fake birth certificated to get out of being taken to act older than they were (to be aged out)

Venice, Italy

where the first Jewish Ghetto was

TISH B'AV

- On the 9th day of the month of Av (70 CE) the Second Temple was destroyed by the Roman's and Jerusalem

- Jewish inhabitants were murdered, enslaved, or banished from Judea (Israel)

Spain & Portugal

- also called the Iberian Peninsula

- acted as safe havens for Sephardic Jews up until the late 1300s

anti-Judaism

the belief that discounts the value of Judaism as a RELIGION in comparison to Christianity

Shylock

- made by William Shakespear

- a Jewish villain in the "Merchant of Venice"

"Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

- it has done more damage to 19th and 20th century by alleging that:

- the Jews control the World Economy, the Press, + the Politics

- Years after it came out British proved it was a forgery + a lie

- Protocols are damning it because it doesn't go away

Saint Augustin(e)

- fed the fires of anti-Judaism by stating:

- Jesus was a Jew + the Jews a "Chosen People" but they should not be massacred, but "allowed" to Exist

- Jews are a reminder of God's mercy and are to be degraded and kept in perpetual servitude

- "Humiliation shows the power of Christianity over Judaism"

anti-Semitism

- the racist belief that classifies Jews as an inferior RACIAL group

- hostility towards Jews as a group which results from no legitimate cause or greatly exceeds any reasonable or ethical explanation

- the illogical hatred and persecution of Jews and first appeared in 1879 as published by Wilhem Marr to combat the speakers of Hebrew and Arabic

Host Desecration

- stabbing the Eucharist with a knife

- recreating the crucifixion

Bubonic Plague

- Also called the Black Death was a deadly disease that spread through Europe and killed one out of every three people

- "They poisoned the Wells" --> get blamed because Jews aren't dying as fast as everyone else is because they're cleaner

- Jews became a scapegoat

Blood Libel

- fattening up the greek men/babies and kill them for sacrifice

- proved false, it's a myth

Circumision

- Made as a covenant to God

- served as a reminder of your loyalty to God

Geofrrey Chaucer

- English writer of The Canterbury Tales

- Wrote "Prioress Tale of Saint Hugh"

Alfred Dryfuss

- Jewish Military Officer

- Not well liked by his fellow officer's --> Jewish

- He was framed for selling secrets to the Germans

- Had an investigation and they pinned it on him --> called him a traitor + a Jew

- taken to trial --> testimony is lies, evidence is false, they convict him

- Sent him to prison Island

- got a retrial --> they let him go after an investigation was occured

- they did not overturn his conviction because then they would've been wrong

- gets back into the army and gets his family back

Martin Luther

- "founder of the Reformation"

- evolved into an antisemite

- started the Protestant Reformation (+ Protestant religion)

- Was a Clergyman/monk/priest --> was good at what he did

- inferiority complex

- Said "Oh that Jesus Christ was born a Jew --> told to treat Jews nice in the beginning

- Wrote 95 theses to Catholic Church + nailed them to the Church door --> wrote about indulgences

- got kidnapped by horses + Northern German Prince

"Conversos" (Moranos)

- "Did the Jews really convert?"

- Jewish people who converted to Christianity and are supposedly "safe"

- executed by a wheel

- they tied them to a wheel and spun it and broke all of the limbs in their body

Apinion

- stated that "Jews were 'homeless' wanderers, Jews are lepers"

- wrote on the rivalry of Egyptians + Hebrews over "Monotheism vs. Polytheism"

The Netherlands, Poland, & Ottoman Empire

during the late 1400s and into the 1500s offered security to the Jews

Inquisition (Spanish)

the "safe places" no longer provided security for the Jews in the late 1300s and 1400s in Spain, and eventual Portugal because of the Catholic Church and due to this event

Pope Urban II

Pope who orchestrated the 1st crusade

The Pale of Settlement

- Europe's largest ghetto

- Far from "utopia", but Slavic relations with the Jews was "okay" on a day-to-day basis

Czar Alexander II

- made Czarist Russia evolve into a hostile place for Jews

- assassinated in 1881

Merchant of Venice

- play by William Shakespeare

- has a Jewish villain named Shylock in it

Bogdan Chmielnicki

- Leader of the Cossacks

- (Russian Calvary)

- Killing Jews

von Treitschke

- "Die Jews sind unser Ungluck"

- "The Jews are our Misfortune"

“On the Jews and Their Lies”

- written by Martin Luther

- He became anti-semitic over time

Mel Gibson

- directed "THE PASSION PLAY" (THE PASSION)

- took the heat

Papal States

- state of the Church

- territories in central Italy under the direct sovereign rule of the pope from 756 to 1870

Alexandria

- major city in Egypt

- had a large Jewish community

- Some Jewish families who had fled persecution in Europe also settled in Alexandria

- was located near the North African battlefront during WWII

- the Jewish population was threatened by the potential expansion of Nazi control into North Africa

usury

- antisemitic Nazi propaganda and stereotypes about Jewish people and money

- "Follow the $$$"

- Stereotype about Jews being good with money --> have a higher education than most and they are responsible

- Court Jews --> wealthy Jews who worked as advisors to the King

Alexander II

- Russian Emperor

- was assassinated in 1881

- After he was assassinated there became a lot of Political/Social unrest --> Russians needed a scapegoat

Ottoman

- had large Jewish communities

- provided refuge to many Jews fleeing persecution in Europe

Deicide

false accusation that the Jews were all responsible for killing Jesus

Passion Play

- religious drama about the suffering and crucifixion of Jesus

- Some portrayed Jews negatively or blamed them for Jesus's death

- These portrayals helped reinforce antisemitic stereotypes that existed in Europe for centuries