Islamic Empire and Religion

Who was the founder of Islam?

Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammad in the 7th century CE.

How did the Islamic Empire expand rapidly after Muhammad's death?

After Prophet Muhammad's death, the Islamic Empire expanded rapidly through military conquests led by the Rashidun Caliphs and later dynasties, spreading across the Middle East, North Africa, and into parts of Europe and Asia.

What is the holy book of Islam?

The holy book of Islam is the Qur'an, which Muslims believe contains the direct words of God revealed to Prophet Muhammad.

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

The Five Pillars of Islam are:1. Shahadah (Declaration of faith)2. Salat (Prayer five times a day)3. Zakat (Charity)4. Sawm (Fasting during Ramadan)5. Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca, if able)

Name one significant Islamic dynasty and its contribution.

The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE) was known for its vast territorial expansion and for establishing Damascus as its capital. The Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258 CE) was known for fostering a Golden Age of Islamic civilization, promoting science, philosophy, and arts from its capital in Baghdad.

What are the two main branches of Islam?

The two main branches of Islam are Sunni and Shia, which diverged over the succession to Prophet Muhammad and theological interpretations.

What was the Islamic Golden Age, and what were some of its key achievements?

The Islamic Golden Age (roughly 8th to 13th centuries CE) was a period of great intellectual, scientific, and cultural flourishing. Key achievements include advances in:1. Mathematics: Algebra, Arabic numerals, trigonometry2. Astronomy: Observatories, star charting, navigation tools3. Medicine: Hospitals, surgical instruments, medical encyclopedias4. Philosophy & Literature: Preservation of Greek texts, development of Arabic literature and poetry5. Architecture: Mosques, palaces, and urban planning

What is the significance of the Arabic language in Islam?

Arabic is the language of the Qur'an, making it central to Islamic religious practice and scholarship