Psych 101 JMU Final Exam

Personality trait

durable disposition to behave in a particular way across a variety of situations

Five factor model of personality

-neuroticism

-extraversion

-openness to experience

-agreeableness

-conscientiousness

Freud's psychoanalytic theory

grew out of his therapeutic work with clients and emphasized the importance of the unconscious

Personality structure

Id, superego, ego

Id

instinctive component that follows the pleasure principle

Ego

decision-making component that follows the reality principle

Superego

moral component

Three levels of awareness

-conscious(current awareness)

-preconscious(material just beneath the surface of awareness)

-unconscious(material well below the surface of awareness)

Defense mechanisms

-repression

-projection

-Displacement

-regression

-Denial

Repression

keeping distressed thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious

Projection

Attributing one's own thoughts, feelings, or motives to one another

Displacement

Diverting emotional feelings (usually anger) from their original source to a substitute target

Regression

A reversion to immature patterns of behavior

Children evolve through 5 stages of psychosexual development

-oral

-anal

-phallic

-latency

-genital stages

Maslow's theory

human motives are organized into a hierarchy of needs

Self-actualization

the need to fulfill one's potential

Self-actualizing persons

people with very healthy personalities, marked by continued personal growth

Three assumptions of Freuds psychoanalytic

-Psychic determination

-Symbolic meaning

- unconscious motivation

Psychic determination

All psychological events have a cause

Symbolic meaning

Behaviors are symbolic

Unconscious motivation

unconscious mind is the reason you do certain behaviors