Romans and Galatians Exam 2

Which verses in Romans give us profound reasons for Christian confidence?

5:1-11

What is our relationship with God through?

Jesus Christ

What does being “declared righteous” mean you are?

Justified by faith

What is the greatest object of our desire?

God

What are the traits of the old self?

Unrighteous due to sin, under the wrath of God, standing condemned, without hope, pleasure-seeking, love of self as highest love

What are the traits of the new self?

Counted righteous by faith, at peace with God through Christ, standing in grace, hope of sharing glory of God, suffering as a Christian, God’s love poured in us

What is the key phrase in Romans 5?

“Much more”

How many times is “much more” used in Romans chapter 5?

4 times

What does Qal Wahomer mean?

From lesser to greater

What are the reasons we should be “much more” confident in Christ’s love?

We are justified by his blood, saved from God’s wrath, and reconciled to God by the death of His son

What is the summary of the analogy between Adam and Jesus found in Romans 5?

Adam’s sin brought death to many, Jesus’ death brought righteousness to many

What does death reigning mean in the context of Romans 5:12-14?

Death was the rule; they all died, even if they didn’t commit the sin of Adam

In the analogy between Adam and Jesus, what are the effects of Adam?

One man’s sin affects many others, sin brought condemnation, death dominates

In the analogy between Adam and Jesus, what are the effects of Jesus?

One man’s obedience affects many others, grace brought justification, life dominates

Why is grace more abundant than sin?

Sin can be counted, but grace is a relationship

What does sin bring according to Romans 15?

Death

What does grace bring according to Romans 15?

Eternal spiritual life

According to Romans 15:18-21, what happened when the law came?

There was more detailed knowledge of good and evil, and thus more accountability

According to Romans 15, what happened when accountability increased?

Sin increased, but grace increased all the more

What does God have a preference for, and what did he do because of it?

Grace; gave his only Son for us

What is Exodus 34:6-7 about?

God declaring His own name and describing His own self

What is Romans 6:1-11 about?

Abundant grace should not lead to abundant sin

What is a diatribe?

An argument with an imaginary opponent that tries to anticipate and address a misinterpretation 

What are the two hypothetical questions of Romans 6?

Should we continue in sin so that grace may abound? Should we sin because we are not under law but under grace?

What are the two ways Paul’s message could be misinterpreted as in Romans 6?

Licentiousnesses and antinomianism

What is licentiousness?

Running wild in sin

What is antinomianism?

Living as if there is no law

What does the Greek word baptizó mean?

Dip, plunge, immerse

When do Christians re-enact the gospel?

In conversion

What are the three elements of reenaction of the Gospel?

Death (repentance and renunciation of old life), burial (immersed with baptism), and resurrection (raised to new life)

Why does Romans 6:12-23 use slavery as a metaphor?

Many early Christians were slaves, so it helped them understand

What does being “redeemed” by Christ mean, using the slavery metaphor?

Being purchased by Him; He paid our debt

What are the wages of sin?

Death

What gift does God give?

Eternal life

What is Paul still explaining in Romans 7:1-6?

Why Gentiles are not under the Torah

What are the basics of marriage covenants?

A couple is bound as long as they live, if one dies the covenant is dissolved, the widow can justly form a new covenant

When were Jewish Christians released from the Mosaic covenant?

When they died with Christ in their conversion and raised with him into a new covenant

What is meant by “the letter” in Romans 7:6?

Existing written Scriptures that were always intended to be obeyed from the heart, but are no longer the governing covenant

What is meant by “the Spirit” in Romans 7:6?

The living revealing spirit that has established and revealed a new covenant that was written on their hearts

What do the books of the New Testament record for us?

The Spirit’s new covenant

According to Romans 7, is the Law bad?

No, sin is the problem

According to Romans 7, what is sin?

An evil force that infects all it touches

According to Romans 7, is sin a choice?

At first, but it becomes a compulsion

According to Romans 7, what are the Law and Commandments?

Holy, righteous, and good

According to Romans 7, what does “Holy” mean?

Separate, untainted by sin

What are the possible explanations for who the rhetorical “I” is in Romans 7?

Autobiographical “I” or Rhetorical “I”

What is the Autobiographical “I” theory for Romans 7?

#1 “I” meaning Paul himself as a Christian or #2 “I” meaning Paul under the law before he was a Christian

What is the Rhetorical “I” theory for Romans 7?

#3 “I” meaning Israel under the Torah or #4 “I” meaning anyone who strives for righteousness by law-keeping alone

Which theory about Romans 7 does Robertson favor?

#4 because it encompasses all the other theories, explains Christians’ universal struggle against sin, and leads to a praise

What is the tension discussed in Romans 7:13-23?

Tension between flesh and inner being

In the tension between flesh and inner being, what is the flesh?

Aspect of human being that is embodied and susceptible to sin

In the tension between flesh and inner being, what is the inner being?

Aspect of human being that is spiritual and able to connect with God

According to Romans 7, what is a wretched person?

A person depending on their own righteousness

According to Romans 7, what is a thankful person?

Dependent on the righteousness of Christ

What is the turning point in the transition from anguish to thankfulness?

Faith in Jesus Christ

What does atonement by penal substitution require from us?

To assert and reassert our faith

What is the penalty for sin?

Condemnation

How has God fulfilled the requirement penalty of penal substitution?

Through Christ (power of God for salvation)

What characterizes a mind set on the flesh?

Own goodness as basis of salvation, obligation to be righteous by fulfilling the law, power source from human flesh (which is weak against sin)

What characterizes a mind set on the Spirit?

God’s goodness as basis of salvation, obligation of faith working through love, power sources from the grace of God, the blood of Jesus, and the living Holy Spirit in us

How are we adopted as children of God?

By the Spirit

What do we call God once we are adopted by Him?

Abba

What characterize our relationship with God?

Love and hope, not fear

What happened when sin entered the world in Genesis 3?

It corrupted many relationships

What relationships did sin corrupt in Genesis 3?

God-human, husband-wife, human-nature

What also awaits redemption?

Creation

What is Christ the firstfruit of?

The resurrection

What is the nature of a now/not-yet Kingdom?

We await the full arrival of the kingdom of God when death is eradicated

What did Jesus send to help us while we wait?

The Holy Spirit

What does the Spirit help us to do?

Pray “with sighs too deep for words”

What is an alternate translation for Romans 8:28?

God works all things together for good

What is our assurance?

If God is for us, who can condemn us?

What did pagans believe hardship was?

A sign that the gods were unhappy at the moment

What do we see when we consider how much God has done?

Nothing can defeat his work on our behalf