DNA

genetic code

genetic code

The ________ for the chromosome is stored in the order of the bases, and the method in which the bases link to one another is what allows DNA to replicate itself.

Chromosomes

________ are located within this organelle, which also serves as the cell's control center.

transcription

During the process of ________, information is extracted from DNA and replicated onto an intermediate form of molecule known as mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid)

introns

Both the ________ and the exons of a gene are transcribed in order to produce mRNAs that code for various parts of a protein.

messenger RNA

The ________ is transported out of the nucleus of the cell and into structures within the cell known as ribosomes.

Genes

________ are typically understood to be the component of DNA that is essential for the production of a single protein.

double helix of DNA

The ________ is wound into coils, which are then twisted together to form a supercoil.

DNA

It is made up of all of the parts of the protein's ________ that contain the genetic code for all of the amino acids.

separate RNA

The information contained in the DNA is replicated as a complementary copy by ________ nucleotides that contain the right bases and attach themselves to the exposed DNA bases in a cross- linked fashion.

DNA molecule

The ________ can alternatively be described as having loops and twists.

nucleus

The _ is located inside the cell.

Supercoiled DNA

The double helix of DNA is wound into coils, which are then twisted together to form a supercoil.

Core unit

Also known as a nucleosome, a nucleosome is a package consisting of eight proteins (histones) and approximately two twists of DNA looped around it.

Adenine and thymine

are complementary to one another because they each have two potential sites for the formation of hydrogen bonds, whereas guanine and cytosine each have three potential sites for the formation of hydrogen bonds.

coiled shape

The __ of DNA makes it possible to cram an amazing length into a relatively small area.

DNA backbone

Having a structure that is made up of phosphate compounds and deoxyribose, which is a type of sugar, in alternating units

Helical repeat

When there are 10.4 rungs of base pairs, the DNA helix will twist once.

Coiled and supercoiled

forms of the DNA molecule can be found in chromosomes

Adenine– thymine link

Adenine always forms a base pair with thymine

Guanine– cytosine link

Guanine and cytosine are the only two bases that can ever form a pair.