biology ch.6 nutrition in human

holozoic nutrition

a type of heterotrophic nutrition for human

saprophytic nutrition

a type of heterotrophic nutrition for saprophytes

parasitic nutrition

a type of heterotrophic nutrition for parasites

ingestion

The process of taking food, drink, or other substances into the body through the mouth for digestion

digestion

the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body for energy and nutrients.

absorption

the process of taking in nutrients and other substances from the digestive system into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body.

assimilation

the absobred food molecules are taken yp by cells for metabolism

egestion

undigested food molecule is removed from the body faeces

mastication

process of chewing food into small pieces

carbohydrases, lipases, proteases

3 main types of digestive enzymes

salivary amylase, mucus, water

main compoenent of saliva

pharynx

between mouth cavity and oesophagus

circular muscle and longitudinal muscle

2 types of muscle for peristalsis

cardiac sphincter

located at the junction of the oesophagus and the stomach to prevent food from falling back into the oesophagus

pyloric sphincter

located at the junction of the stomach and duodenum, controls the release of food into the duodenum

pepsin, hydrochloric acid, mucus

3 main components of gastric juice

chyme

after few hours in stomach, the food becomes a creamy liquid called

bile salt, bile pigment, sodium hydrogencarbonate

3 main component of bile

pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, proteases, sodium hydrogencarbonate

4 main component of pancreatic juice

carbohydrases, proteases

2 main enzymes in intestinal juice

lacteal

lymph vessel in each villi

hepatic portal vein

blood vessel from villi to liver

deamination

excess amino acids cannot be stored in the body and are brokwn down in the liver through ____.