2.6 reactions with aqueous ions

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30 Terms

1
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when ions are in solution what are they

acidic

2
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why can 3+ ions form more acidic solutions than 2+ ions

higher charge density

weakens the OH bond releasing H+ ions

3
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which hydroxides show amphoteric character

hydroxides of Al3+

4
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what colour is [Cu(H2O)6]2+

blue solution

5
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what colour is [Fe(H2O)6]2+

green solution

6
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what colour is what colour is [Fe(H2O)6]3+

pale violet solution

7
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why does [Fe(H2O)6]3+ often appear yellow orange

due to [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+

8
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what colour is [Al(H2O)6]3+

colourless solution

9
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and NaOH

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- ——> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

green precipitate

10
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equation for the reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and NaOH

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- ——> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

blue precipitate

11
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and NaOH

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- ——> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

pale violet precipitate

12
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equation for the reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ and NaOH

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- ——> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

white precipitate

13
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what is the salt that is amphoteric

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3]

14
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and NH3

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 ——> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

green precipitate

15
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equation for the reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and NH3

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 ——> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

blue precipitate

16
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and NH3

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 ——> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

brown precipitate

17
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equation for the reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ and NH3

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 ——> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

white precipitate

18
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equation for when the copper(II) salt is in excess ammonia

[Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 4NH3 ——> [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 2H2O + 2OH-

deep blue solution

19
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what do solutions of metal 2+ ions form when they react with sodium carbonate

insoluble carbonates

20
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and sodium carbonate

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- ——> FeCO3 + 6H2O

green precipitate

21
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equation for the reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and sodium carbonate

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- ——> CuCO3 + 6H2O

blue-green precipitate

22
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what do metal 3+ ions form as they react with sodium carbonate and why

salt water carbon dioxide

they are stronger acids

23
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and sodium carbonate

2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- ——> 2[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

orange solution to brown precipitate

gentle bubbles

24
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equation for the reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ and sodium carbonate

[Al(H2O)6]2+ + 3CO32- ——> 2[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

colourless solution to white precipitate

gentle bubbles

25
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what shaped ions are formed when metal ions undergo ligand substitution with Cl- ions

tetrahedral ions

26
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and HCl

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- ——> [FeCl4]2- + 6H2O

[FeCl4]2- is yellow solution

27
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equation for the reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and HCl

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- ——> [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O

[CuCl4]2- is yellow solution

28
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equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and HCl

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- ——> [FeCl4]- + 6H2O

[FeCl4]- is yellow solution

29
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equation for the reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ and HCl

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- ——> [AlCl4]- + 6H2O

[AlCl4]- is colourless solution

30
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what is the charge of EDTA

4-