Appendix C: Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms

Vocabulary flashcards covering all prefixes, combining forms, and suffixes listed in Appendix C.

a-, an-

Absence or lack

ab-

Departing from; away from

acou-

Hearing

acr-, acro-

Extreme or extremity; peak

ad-

To or toward

aden-, adeno-

Gland

amphi-

On both sides; of both kinds

angi-

Vessel

ant-, anti-

Opposed to; preventing or inhibiting

ante-

Preceding; before

arthr-, arthro-

Joint

aut-, auto-

Self

bi-

Two

bio-

Life

blast-

Bud or germ

broncho-

Bronchus

bucco-

Cheek

caput-

Head

carcin

Cancer

cardi, cardio-

Heart

cephal

Head

cerebro-

Brain, especially the cerebrum

chondr

Cartilage

circum-

Around

co-, con-

Together

contra-

Against

cost-

Rib

crani-

Skull

crypt

Hidden

cyt-

Cell

de-

Undoing, reversal, loss, removal

di-

Twice, double

dia-

Through, between

dys-

Difficult, faulty, painful

ec, ex, ecto-

Out, outside, away from

en-, em-

In, inside

entero-

Intestine

epi-

Over, above

eu

Well

exo-

Outside, outer layer

extra

Outside, beyond

gastr

Stomach

glosso-

Tongue

hema-, hemato-, hemo-

Blood

hemi-

Half

hepat

Liver

hetero-

Different or other

hist-

Tissue

hom-, homo-

Same

hydr-, hydro-

Water

hyper

Excess

hypno-

Sleep

hypo-

Below, deficient

hyster-, hystero-

Uterus or womb

im-

Not

inter

Between

intra-

Within, inside

iso-

Equal, same

leuko-

White

lip-, lipo-

Fat, lipid

macro-

Large

mal-

Bad, abnormal

mamm-

Breast

mast-

Breast

meningo-

Membrane

meso-

Middle

meta-

Beyond, between, transition

metro-

Uterus

micro-

Small

mito-

Thread, filament

mono-

Single

morpho-

Form

multi-

Many

myelo

Spinal cord, marrow

myo-

Muscle

narco-

Numbness

nephro-

Kidney

neuro-

Nerve

ob-

Before, against

oculo-

Eye

odonto-

Teeth

ophthalmo

Eye

ortho-

Straight, direct

osteo-

Bone

oto-

Ear

oxy-

Oxygen

pan-

All, universal

para-

Beside, near

peri-

Around

phago

Eat

phleb

Vein

pod-

Foot

poly

Multiple

post-

After, behind

pre-, pro-

Before, ahead of

procto-

Rectum, anus

pseudo-

False

psycho-

Mind, psyche

pyo-

Pus

retro-

Backward, behind