Studied by 5 people
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Cowpox Epidemiology
Uncommon in Europe, NEVER seen in US
Cowpox Symptoms
In dom cat infection associated with fever
In cheetahs frequently fatal
Cowpox Transmission
Acquired from black voles in which infection is subclinical
Calicivirus Infection Clinical Importance
+++
Calicivirus Infection Symptoms
Dyspnea lasting up to a week
Resp type: tongue, gingiva, and hard palate ulcers predominate, other areas include nasal cavity, pinnae
Pneumonia is variable
Lymphoreticular type: affect kittens at 4-10 wks causing limping, stiffness, soreness, and fever
Virulent systemic: resp spreads, submandibular and limb edema, temp > 106, spread to haired skin and footpads causing alopecia and ulcerative dermatitis
Calicivirus Infection Transmission
Resp: aerosol/oral
Virulent systemic: spreads rapidly by fomites, systemic disease and 60% of adults can die
Viral Rhinotracheitis Clinical Importance
+++
Viral Rhinotracheitis Symptoms
Rhinitis and pharyngitis most common in 8-14 wk range (sneezing, nasal discharge, lingual ulcers)
Conjunctivitis and dendritic corneal ulcers may develop
Chronic sinusitis may develop
Kittens may develop systemic disease at 2-4 wks and may fade and die
Herpesviruses associated w persistent infections, esp in multi cat houses
Carrier queens may have abortions
Viral Rhinotracheitis Transmission
Oral/nasal transmission
Latent or active carriers are common and glucocorticoids may induce shedding
Panleukopenia Clinical Importance
+
Panleukopenia Epidemiology
Rare since vaccine
Panleukopenia Symptoms
Lethargy, anorexia, vom yello fld, act thirsty but dont drink, high fever above 40 C, severe dehydration, diarrhea (yellowish/blood tinged) GI tract swollen and filled with gas and liquid
Pregnant cats may abort
Kitten infected in utero: ataxia
Panleukopenia Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Vaccine, shelter management, disinfect
Leukemia Clinical Importance
++
Leukemia Epidemiology
Decreased prevalence of FeLV and lymphoma since 90s
Leukemia Symptoms
Most common cause of cancer in cats (lymphoma)
May cause blood disorders, lead to a state of immune deficiency
During the early stages of its infection, it is common for cats to exhibit no signs of disease at all!
Dec app, weight loss, bad coat, big LN, fever, pale mm, inflamm gums and mouth, inf skin, bladder, URT, diarrhea, seizures, behav changes, neuro disorders, eye conditions, abortion of kittens or repro failures
Wavy whiskers
Leukemia Transmission
Vert from queens to kittens, horizontally among cats living together or fighting; virus shed in saliva, nasal secretions, feces, milk, urine
Strong age-related protection: adults relatively resistant to inf
Immunodeficiency Infections (FIV) Clinical Importance
+++
Immunodeficiency Infections (FIV) Symptoms
Primary: Fever, enlarged lymph nodes, Lethargy, anorexia and weight loss, low neutrophil count, Mild stomatitis
Immunosuppression: go to lecture 11 slide 6
Stomatits - most common clinical disease in FIV, late-stage event
Many cats remain asymptomatic
Immunodeficiency Infections (FIV) Transmission
Bite wounds! Most are male toms, queen to kitten transmission is rare, may not spread in households with no fighting
Coronavirus Clinical Importance
++
Coronavirus Epidemiology
↑ infecti- ous, ↑ seroconversion in households
Coronavirus Symptoms
Inapparent or mild signs of enteritis or resp disease
Not necessarily a clinical concern
Coronavirus Transmission
Oronasal Transmission
Rabies Clinical Importance
+
Rabies Symptoms
Loss of appetite, anxiety, infection of limbic system causes restlessness, wandering, hypersensitivity to stimulus
Rabies Transmission
Cats can be infected by contact from coons or bats
Rabies Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Vaccine
Influenza (H5N1) Symptoms
Loss of appetite, lethargy, fever, then progress to neuro signs, severe depression, oculonasal discharge, and other resp signs
Influenza (H5N1) Transmission
Food, exposure to infected wild birds or poultry, exposure to people working on farms
Infectious peritonitis Symptoms
Systemic and often fatal
Extremely diverse clinical manifestations
Wet form: large amount of effusion into thorax and abdomen felt as fluid wave
Dry non-effusive form: lesions in eyes and CNS, granulomas in peritoneal cavity, weight loss
May survive for a few weeks but highly fatal
Infectious peritonitis Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive, supportive care, fatal, vaccine
Leukemia Diagnosis
SNAP Test
Leukemia Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Vaccines available but identification and segregation of inf cats most important
Vaccine
29-47% survival rate
Immunodeficiency Infections (FIV) Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Simple iso is effective, routine disinfectants, vaccine removed in 2015
80-94% survival rate
