Scientific Investigations: Accuracy, Reliability, and Experimental Variables

Vocabulary flashcards defining core concepts of scientific methodology including accuracy, reliability, calibration, recording, fair testing, and types of experimental variables.

Accuracy

How close a measured value is to the true or correct value.

Reliability

The extent to which a measurement or experiment gives the same results on repeated trials.

Accurate Observation

Looking at something carefully and paying attention to all the important details while being objective without letting personal feelings or ideas influence the observation.

Accurate Measurements

Measurements achieved by using appropriate tools or instruments to measure quantities such as length, width, temperature, or time correctly.

To Calibrate

To make small changes or adjustments to ensure that the tool or instrument is working properly and giving out accurate measurements.

Accurate Recording

Documenting the information gathered in an organized and systematic way, ensuring data is free from mistakes and typographical errors.

Fair Test

An investigation or experiment where only one variable (the manipulated or independent variable) is changed on purpose to determine its effect on the result.

Manipulated Variable

Also known as the independent variable; the factor or condition that is intentionally changed in an experiment to determine its effect on the result.

Controlled Variable

Also known as a constant variable; a factor or condition that is purposely kept the same throughout an experiment to ensure that only the manipulated variable causes any differences in the results.

Responding Variable

Also known as the dependent variable; the factor or condition being observed or measured as it responds to the changes made to the manipulated variable.