Enzyme Vocab

activation energy

energy required to start a reaction

active site

site on enzyme where reaction occurs

allosteric inhibition

inhibits enzyme reactions by binding to a site OTHER than the active site

anabolic

reaction uses energy to build up molecules, dehydration reaction, water is reactant

ATP

Adenosine Triphosphate, energy of cell, drives cellular work

bioenergetics

the study of how living organisms convert and utilize energy.

catabolic

releases energy by breaking up molecules, hydrolysis, water is product

chemical energy

potential energy within a bond, released by breaking bond

coenzyme

organic molecules that assist enzyme

cofactor

inorganic molecules that assist enzyme

competitives inhibition

inhibits enzyme reactions by binding to the active site and prevents substrates from binding there

denature

when pH,temperature, chemicals in environment cause a protein to lose shape and therefore be unable to function

endergonic

requires energy

exergonic

releases energy

enthalpy

net change in heat (ΔH)

entropy

disorder, chaos (ΔS)

induced fit

molecular handshake - when enzyme binds to substrate by changing shape around substrate

kinetic energy

energy associated with motion

substrate

components of reaction that bind to the active site

First Law of Thermodynamics

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Second Law of Thermodynamics

entropy of the universe as a system is always increasing