AP Art History Unit 4 Faith - Indian and Southeast Asian Art Vocabulary

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25 Terms

1
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Darshan

in Hinduism, the ability of a worshipper to see a deity and the deity to see the worshipper

<p>in Hinduism, the ability of a worshipper to see a deity and the deity to see the worshipper</p>
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Mudra

a symbolic hand gesture in Hindu and Buddhist art

<p>a symbolic hand gesture in Hindu and Buddhist art</p>
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Shikara

a bee-hive shaped tower on a Hindu temple

<p>a bee-hive shaped tower on a Hindu temple</p>
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Ushnisha

a protrusion at the top of the head, or the top knot of a Buddha

<p>a protrusion at the top of the head, or the top knot of a Buddha</p>
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Ashlar masonry

carefully cut and grooved stones that support a building without the use of concrete or other kinds of masonry

<p>carefully cut and grooved stones that support a building without the use of concrete or other kinds of masonry</p>
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Bas-relief

a very shallow relief sculpture

<p>a very shallow relief sculpture</p>
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Bodhisattva

a deity who refrains from entering nirvana to help others

<p>a deity who refrains from entering nirvana to help others</p>
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Buddha

a fully enlightened being. There are many Buddhas, the most famous of whom is Sakyamuni, also known as Gautama or Siddhartha

<p>a fully enlightened being. There are many Buddhas, the most famous of whom is Sakyamuni, also known as Gautama or Siddhartha</p>
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Cella

the main room of a temple, where the god is housed

<p>the main room of a temple, where the god is housed</p>
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Garbha griha

a "womb chamber," the inner room in a Hindu temple that houses the god's image

<p>a "womb chamber," the inner room in a Hindu temple that houses the god's image</p>
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Horror vacui (Latin, meaning "fear of empty spaces")

a type of artwork in which the entire surface is filled with objects, people, designs, and ornaments in a crowded and sometimes congested way

<p>a type of artwork in which the entire surface is filled with objects, people, designs, and ornaments in a crowded and sometimes congested way</p>
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Hypostyle

a hall with a roof supported by a dense thicket of columns

<p>a hall with a roof supported by a dense thicket of columns</p>
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Iconoclasm

the destruction of religious images that are seen as heresy

<p>the destruction of religious images that are seen as heresy</p>
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Mandorla (Italian, meaning "almond")

an almond-shaped circle of light around the figure of Christ or Buddha

<p>an almond-shaped circle of light around the figure of Christ or Buddha</p>
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Mithuna

in India, the mating of males and females in a ritualistic, symbolic or physical sense

<p>in India, the mating of males and females in a ritualistic, symbolic or physical sense</p>
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Puja

a Hindu prayer ritual

<p>a Hindu prayer ritual</p>
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Sakyamuni (shakyamuni)

the historical Buddha, named after the town of Sakya, Buddha's birthplace (actual historical figure)

<p>the historical Buddha, named after the town of Sakya, Buddha's birthplace (actual historical figure)</p>
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Shiva

the Hindu god of creation and destruction

<p>the Hindu god of creation and destruction</p>
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Stupa

a dome-shaped Buddhist shrine

<p>a dome-shaped Buddhist shrine</p>
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Torana

a gateway near a stupa that has two upright posts and three horizontal lintels. They are usually elaborately carved

<p>a gateway near a stupa that has two upright posts and three horizontal lintels. They are usually elaborately carved</p>
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Urna

a circle of hair on the brows of a deity, sometimes represented as a focal point

<p>a circle of hair on the brows of a deity, sometimes represented as a focal point</p>
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Vairocana

the universal Buddha, a source of enlightenment; also known as the Supreme Buddha who represents "emptiness," that is, freedom from earthly matters to help achieve salvation (not the historical iteration, otherwise known as the Sakyamuni Buddha; Mahayana Buddhist ideals)

<p>the universal Buddha, a source of enlightenment; also known as the Supreme Buddha who represents "emptiness," that is, freedom from earthly matters to help achieve salvation (not the historical iteration, otherwise known as the Sakyamuni Buddha; Mahayana Buddhist ideals)</p>
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Vishnu

the Hindu god worshipped as the protector and preserver of the world

<p>the Hindu god worshipped as the protector and preserver of the world</p>
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Wat

a Buddhist monastery or temple in Cambodia

<p>a Buddhist monastery or temple in Cambodia</p>
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Yakshi (masculine: yaksha)

female and male figures of fertility in Buddhist and Hindu art

<p>female and male figures of fertility in Buddhist and Hindu art</p>