Elementa

Element

A fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through chemical means.

Periodic Table

A summary of the elements and an essential chemistry tool, regularly updated with new discoveries.

Natural Elements

The first 94 elements found in nature, while the rest are man-made.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, some of which can be radioactive.

Radioactive Decay

The process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation, transforming one element into another.

Abundance of Elements

Hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in the universe, while Earth is predominantly iron.

IUPAC

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, which standardizes element names and symbols.

Chemical Symbols

Abbreviations for elements, typically with the first letter capitalized and the second lowercase.

Atomic Structure

Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons, with the atomic number defined by the number of protons.

Metals

Elements that are typically found on the left side of the periodic table, known for losing electrons and forming cations.

Non-metals

Elements found on the right side of the periodic table, known for gaining electrons and forming anions.

Ionic Bonds

Chemical bonds formed through the transfer of electrons, resulting in oppositely charged ions.

Covalent Bonds

Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Molecular Formula

A representation that shows the exact number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

Empirical Formula

A representation that shows the simplest ratio of the elements in a compound.

Allotropes

Different forms of the same element that have different physical properties.

Diatomic Molecules

Molecules consisting of two atoms, such as O2 or N2.

Cation

A positively charged ion formed by the loss of electrons.

Anion

A negatively charged ion formed by the gain of electrons.

Noble Gas Configuration

A stable electron configuration that ions tend to achieve, resembling that of noble gases.