Patterns Of Nation States and Culture in the Atlantic World

American Revolution

1775-1788

French Revolution

1788-1789

Unification of Italy

1870

Unification of Germany

1871

Vincent Oge-Prelude to the Haitian Revolution

led 250-300 freedmen to revolt and were pushed to the spanish-side, was later tourted to death and tied to a wagon wheel and repeatdely run over

American Revolution

americans dissatified with paying tazes from seven years war and nelgect from britain, decided to seperate and establish own country

French Revoultion

3 phases

-constitutional monarchy (1789-1792)

-radical republicanism(1792-1795) results in reign of terror

-military consolidation(1795-1799) resuts in the rise of napoleon

Haitian Revolution

france introduced racist measures to keep whites and mulatto plantation owners from uniting. conditions led to the uprsiing led by toussaint louverture resuled in independence of haiti

Napoleon Bonaparte

sold louisiana territory to america to raise funds to put down slave revolt

Toussaint Louverture

led successful slave revolt in haiti which led to haitian independence

Jean-Jacques Dessalines

betrayed toussaint louverture to the french and compeleted haiti’s independence

Vincent oge

led unsuccessful revolt which inspired the hatiian revolution

King George III

King of England during the American Revolution

George Washington

commander of the continental army, frist president of the U.S

Thomas Jefferson

wrote the declaration of independence, which seperated American from Britain

James Madison

Wrote the U.S Constitution and Bill of Rights after the war

Crispus Attucks

the first person killed in the boston massacre. he was the first one killed in the American Revolutionary War

Factors Leading to Victory for the Americans

benjamin franklin negotiated a treaty of alliance with france - the war did not have popular support in great britain

George Washington

general of the American army, avoided any situation that threatened the destruction of his army, and his leadership kept the army together when defeat seemed inevitable

Toussaint Louverture

in 1801 led a successful slave revolt in haiti which led to its independence

Napoleon

sold the louisiana purchase land to president thomas jefferson so he could raise the money needed to put down the slave revolt in haiti

Haitian Revolution signifiance

of the 3 revolutions (american, french, haitian) resulting in constiutional government. Haiti is clearly the one that realized the enlightenment principles of liverty, equality and fratenity most fully

Enlightenment

movement that sought to apply methods on inquiry and discovery to the fields of law, religion, economics and politics

Enlightenment Beliefs

scholars believed that such thinking could produce societies that were more equitable, just nor beholden to the unchecked power of monarchs and religious leaders

Fall of Enlightenment

rise of napoleon and the subsequent restoration of monarchies in Europe effectively ended the Englightenment

Five influential ideas from the enlightment

oppostion to absolute monarchy, speration of powers, liverty and individual rights, equality, free market capitalism

Oppoition to absolute monarchy

no ruler should have unlimited power

Seperation of powers

power should be distributed across different branches of government

Liberty and individual rights

all men possess natural rights to life, liberty and property

Equality

all men are created and no one should be born into more power than another

Free market capitalism

government should allow markets to operate with minimal regulations

The congress of vienna

European leaders met in 1815 at vienna after the fall of napoleon in an effort to restore order to reorganize Europe

Giuseppi Garibaldi

Unified Italy

Otoo von Bismarck

Unified Germany, he became the first chancellor of germany

Native Americans

were decimated by disease and fights against U.S troops, were further harmed by the destruction of the buffalo, which supplied their needs

Trail of Tears

forced march of the indians from their native lands to reservations in Oklahoma

Romanticism

the belief that humans possessed a fullness of freedom to remake themselves

The American Civil resulted in the end of slavery with the passage of the 13th amendment

resulted in black citizens losing voting rights by means of poll taxes and literacy tests. black citizens were segregated in social and public accomodations

The 18th centruy enlightenment

1)had limited impact on latin america

2) limited awareness of the new sciences and social contract thoeries

3) american and french revolutions had a limited intellcutal impact

Caudillo-Political Military Leader with authoirtarian tendencies

-the eventful liberator of northern south african from renewed spanish rule in 1819

US Mexico War

-in 1836 mexican president antonio lopez santa anna defeated texas forces at the alamo

Texas forces later defeated Santa anna and declared

texas an independent state and sought the security of the United States

Mexico was

defeated by US and forced to give up everything north of the Rio Grande

When did the US empancipated slaves?

In 1863 spanish colonies of puerto rico and cuba ended slavery for elderly slaves and newborns

Monroe Doctrine

Europe told to stay out of south america , US extending protection to south america

The Major Export of Brazil causing economy to expand, pay low wages to newly freed slaves

Coffee

The national religion in latin america

Catholicism

The second industrial revolution

need for chemicals and electricity

Increasing exports raised the standard

of living in larin america

Banana republic

represent politically unstable and economically poor

The enlightenment as well as the American and French Revolution

had limited impact on latin america

Simon Bolivar

liberated northern South America

Monroe Doctrine-America

told Europe to stay out of South American not colonze it

Second Industrial Revolution

focused on chemical and electricity

Increasing exports raised the standard

of living in Latin America

Where did the Industrial revolution begin

Great Britain

What was the industrial revolution?

Transition between people doing the work to machines doing the work

Britain had coal and colonies

natural resources for producing energy and a global trading network

Where did the industrial revolution spread

northern to southern Europe

Difference between 1st and 2nd industrial revolution

1st-relied upon steam power

2nd featured use of steel, electricity and chemicals

Chemicals

cheaper paper, fertilizer, explosives, tires plastic, aspiring and soap products

Advances

Automobile, telegraph, telephone, machine gun (AT&T)

Negative impact on child labour

kids were getting injuried around dangerous machinary

made mandatory school attendance kids had to go to school

Improved standard of living

-increae of wages

-more jobs for women

Laisez-faire

hands off leave government towards businesses.Leave business alone

What drug did britian drop into china

opioid

Ottoman Empire what country

Turkey

What is imperalism

one country takes over another country and exploits and its people and reosurces

Boxer Rebellion

boxer attacked foreigners in china

Major export in brazil

Coffee

Simon Bolivar

liberated northern south america

Treaty of Nanjing

ended First Opium War

Sino Japanese War

china and japan go to war over korea