test engels schriftelijk semester 2

verklaring woorden in engels

accessible

capable of being entered or approached

aerospace

producing or operating aircraft or spacecraft

affirmative action program

a policy that promotes equal opportunities for disadvantaged groups

ahead of schedule

finished or progressing earlier than planned

approachable

easy to talk to or friendly

assembly line

a line of machines and workers in a factory that a product moves along while it is being built or produced

authoritarian

demanding that people obey completely and refusing to allow them freedom to act as they wish

automobile

a road vehicle with an engine, used for transporting people; a car

backhander

a secret or illegal payment ; a bribe

ban (verbe)

to officially stop or forbid something

bar (verb)

to block or prevent entry or action

barrier

an obstacle that prevents movement or access

bear market

a market condition where prices are falling or expected to fall

bearish

having a negative outlook or expectation, especially regarding falling prices in the market.

become stressed out

to feel overwhelmed or anxious due to pressure or difficult situations

behind schedule

not completed or progressing as planned; late

benchmarking

the process of comparing performance or practices against standards or best practices

best practice

the most effective and efficient way of doing something, based on experience and research

beta version

a preliminary version of a product released for testing before the final version

blue chip

a large and successful company whose shares are considered to be a good investment

bonus payment

an extra amount of money given to an employee in addition to their salary as a reward for excellent work

born leader

a person who naturally possesses leadership qualities and excels at guiding others

brand name

the name a company gives to one of its products, so that people can easily recognize it

breach

a failure to obey a law or to do what was promised or agreed

breakdown

a failure to work correctly or to be successful

breakthrough

an important discovery or event that helps to improve a situation or provide an answer to a problem

bribe

money or a gift that you give to someone so that they will do something for you, often something dishonest

bribery

the crime of giving someone, especially someone in a position of authority, money, a gift, etc. so that they will do something illegal or dishonest for you

bug

a mistake or problem in a computer program

bull market

a period when the price of shares and other investments are higher than usual, and many people invest because they expect to earn large profits

bullish

if a market is bullish, a lot of people are buying shares, bonds, currency, etc. because they expect the price of them to increase

bullish sentiment

a positive outlook expecting prices or markets to rise

bureaucratic

relating to a system of controlling or managing a country, company, or organization that is operated by a large number of officials

burnout

extreme tiredness or a feeling of not being able to work any more, caused by working too hard

buyer

a person or organization that buys something

CAD/CAM

the use of computers to help design and manufacture products

call centre

an office or business in which employees provide phone support for the customers of one or more companies, or sell or advertise their goods or services by phone

call up

to phone someone

capacity

the total amount of something that can be produced

capital

the money that a company uses to operate and develop

car

a road vehicle with an engine, four wheels, and seats for a small number of people

carbon emissions

carbon dioxide that planes, cars, factories, etc. produce, thought to be harmful to the enviroment

carbon footprint

a measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the activities of a person, company, organization, etc.

carbon offset

a payment for something to be done, for example planting trees, that reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the environment, as a way of trying to reduce the damage caused by activities that produce carbon dioxide

carbon-neutral

if something such as an organization or activity is carbon neutral, it removes the same amount of carbon dioxide from the environment as it releases into the environment

catalogue

a book that contains a list of all the products that you can buy from a company, including descriptions and prices for each product

catering

the business or activity of providing food and drink at events, for organizations, etc.

challenging

difficult to deal with or achieve, especially in a way that forces you to prove your skill or determination to succeed

change hands

to go from one owner to another

charisma

a special quality that some people have naturally that makes them able to influence other people and attract their attention and admiration

charismatic

used to describe a person who has charisma

child labour

the use of children to do work that should be done by adults

Chinese walls

a set of actions that a business, especially a financial institution, takes in order to prevent information that one departement has from reaching another departement that might illegally get an advantage from it

churn out

to produce large quantities of something quickly and often without much quality

climate change

changes in the world’s weather, particularly an increase in temperature, thought to be caused by things such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

clinical trial

a scientific test of the effectiveness and safety of something such as a drug or medical treatment, which involves using it with patients in a controlled way

close (noun)

the end of a day’s trading on a market

close down

to stop trading or permanently shut a business or operation

close up

to end trading for the day by finalizing all positions or closing the market

co-creation

a collaboration process where a company and its customers or partners jointly create value, products, or services

code of conduct

a set of rules outlining expected behavior and ethical standards in a business

code of ethics

a guideline outlining a company’s principles and moral values for decision-making and behavior

collaboration

the act of working together with other people or organizations to create or achieve something

collapse

very serious drop in the value of shares, with very serious consequences

command and control

a situation in which managers tell employees everything that they should do, rather than allowing them to decide some things for themselves

commerce

the activity of buying and selling products and services

commercial

describes money-making business activities

company

an organization that sells goods or services in order to make money

component

a part that combines with other parts to make a machine or piece of equipment

computer hardware

the physical parts of a computer system, such as the monitor, keyboard, and processor

computer software

programs and applications that run on a computer and perform specific tasks

computer-aided design and manufacturing

the use of computer systems to design products and control manufacturing processes

computer-assisted design and manufacturing

the use of computers to help design products and manage their production processes

consensual

done with the willing agreement of all the people or groups involved

consensus

a generally accepted opinion among a group of people

construction

the process or business of building large objects such as buildings, roads, bridges, etc.

copyright

the legal right that someone has to control the production and selling of a book, play, film, photograph, piece of music, etc. for a particular period of time

copyright infringement

the unauthorized use or copying of protected creative work

corporate

relating to a business, especially a large business

corporate social responsibility

the idea that a company should be interested in and willing to help society and the environment as well as be concerned about the products and profits it makes

corrupt

using your position or power dishonestly or illegally for your own advantage, especially to make money

corruption

dishonest or illegal behaviour involving a person in a position of power, for example, accepting money for doing something illegal or immoral

cost

money that has to be spent in order to buy, do, or make something

cost-effective

providing good value for the amount paid

counterfeit

counterfeit money, goods, etc. are illegal copies of the real thing, made to deceive people

counterfeit notes

fake banknotes made to look like real currency, used illegally

counterfeiting

the activity of making illegal copies of things such as bank notes, DVDs, or official documents

craft industry

a sector that produces handmade or small-scale goods using traditional skills

crash (noun)

a sudden serious fall in the value of something, for example, of shares or of a particular area of business

custom-built

if a car, machine, etc. is custom-built, it is made according to the needs of a particular buyer

cutting edge

something that gives someone or something an advantage over others

decentralized

used to describe organizations or their activities which are not controlled from one central place, but happen in many different places

decision making

the process of making choices, especially important choices

decline

a reduction in the value or amount of something, for example a currency or sales

defence

a method used by a company to avoid having another company take control of it

delay

to make something happen at a later time than originally planned or expected

delegate

to give a particular job, duty, etc. to someone else so that they do it for you

delegation

the act of giving a particular job, duty, etc. to someone else

demand (noun)

a need for goods or services that customers want to buy or use

design

to make plans or drawings for how something is to be made