Nuclear Chemistry

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Chemistry

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17 Terms

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alpha particle α
knowt flashcard image
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beta particle β
aka electron
aka electron
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gamma particle γ
high-energy photon, electromagnetic radiation, always accompanied by another particle
high-energy photon, electromagnetic radiation, always accompanied by another particle
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positron
knowt flashcard image
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neutron
knowt flashcard image
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proton
1/1 H
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the more energy created...
the more harmful it is to the human body
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chemical reactions
reactions involving electrons
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nuclear reactions
reactions involving protons and neutrons
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radioactive
nucleus becomes unstable and tries to become stable--gives off radiation
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1:1 ratio of protons to neutrons
necessary for keeping the nucleus stable
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after #20 (calcium) on the periodic table...
more neutrons than protons are needed and it loses the 1:1 ratio
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#82 Pb (lead)
the last stable element, all elements afterward are unstable
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radioactive decay
when a nucleus is so unstable that it decays to reach a stable nucleus--shedding dangerous particles
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spontaneous disintegration of nucleus
happens without any intervention, nucleus disintegrates into a slightly larger nucleus accompanied by the emission of particles, electromagnetic radiation, or both
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radioactive series
a series of nuclear reactions that begins with an unstable nucleus and terminates with a stable one
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antimatter
positrons are opposite of beta particles/electrons, when combined both are annihlated and create gamma rays