IPS1 - (A4) - Periodic Table of Elements

Proverbs 16:3

Dmitri Mendeleev

He arranged elements based on their CHEMICAL PROPERTIES.

Lothar Meyer

He arranged elements based on their PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.

● Dimitri Mendeleev

● Lothar Meyer

They both emphasized PERIODICITY

→ the regular, repeating pattern of properties when elements are arranged by increasing ATOMIC WEIGHT.

Periodicity

This refers to the the regular, repeating pattern of properties when elements are arranged by increasing ATOMIC WEIGHT.

atomic number

In the Modern Periodic Table, elements are now arranged in order of increasing ____(Moseley's work).

Periodic Law

This law states that "The properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers."

Groups or Families

VERTICAL COLUMNS in the periodic table refer to ____

Periods

HORIZONTAL ROWS in the periodic table refer to ____

Atomic Radii (Size)

[PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS]

This is defined as HALF THE DISTANCE between the nuclei of neighboring atoms in the pure element.

Atomic Radii (Size)

[PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS]

This is expressed in Angstroms (1 Å = 10⁻¹⁰ m).

Angstroms (1 Å = 10⁻¹⁰ m)

[PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS]

Atomic Radii (Size) on an element is expressed in ___

Ionization Energy (IE)

[PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS]

The energy required to REMOVE an electron from a GAS-PHASE atom.

Electron Affinity (EA)

[PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS]

The energy change when an electron is ATTACHED to a gas-phase atom to form a NEGATIVE ion.

Electronegativity (EN)

[PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS]

A measure of an atom's tendency to ATTRACT electrons toward itself when chemically bonded to another atom.

TOP to BOTTOM

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Atomic radius INCREASES from (top to bottom, bottom to top)

RIGHT to LEFT

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Atomic radius INCREASES from (left to right, right to left)

BOTTOM to TOP

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Ionization Energy (IE) INCREASES from (top to bottom, bottom to top)

LEFT to RIGHT

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Ionization Energy (IE) INCREASES from (left to right, right to left)

BOTTOM to TOP (more negative)

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Electron Affinity (EA) INCREASES from (top to bottom, bottom to top)

LEFT to RIGHT (more negative)

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Electron Affinity (EA) INCREASES from (left to right, right to left)

BOTTOM to TOP

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Electronegativity (EN) INCREASES from (top to bottom, bottom to top)

LEFT to RIGHT

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Electronegativity (EN) INCREASES from (left to right, right to left)

TOP to BOTTOM

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Metallic Character INCREASES from (top to bottom, bottom to top)

RIGHT to LEFT

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Metallic Character INCREASES from (left to right, right to left)

BOTTOM to TOP

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Nonmetallic Character INCREASES from (top to bottom, bottom to top)

LEFT to RIGHT

[PERIODIC TRENDS]

Nonmetallic Character INCREASES from (left to right, right to left)

(D) F (Fluorine -> EN increases from left to right, bottom to top)

Which of the following element is the most electronegative?

(A) Ca

(B) B

(C) I

(D) F

Sulfur < Silicon < Sodium

Arrange the following according to increasing ATOMIC RADIUS: [lowest to highest]

Sulfur, Silicon, Sodium

Sodium < Silicon < Sulfur

Arrange the following according to increasing IONIZATION ENERGY: [lowest to highest]

Sulfur, Silicon, Sodium

Sulfur > Silicon > Sodium

Arrange the following according to decreasing ELECTRONEGATIVITY: [lowest to highest]

Sulfur, Silicon, Sodium