Bennett Biology - Photosynthesis

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Last updated 2:12 PM on 6/4/26
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24 Terms

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chlorophyll

The light-absorbing green-colored pigment that begins the process of photosynthesis.

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chloroplast

A membrane-bound organelle in green plant and algal cells that carries out photosynthesis.

<p>A membrane-bound organelle in green plant and algal cells that carries out photosynthesis.</p>
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stroma

The protein-rich semiliquid material in the interior of a chloroplast. Where the Calvin cycle occurs.

<p>The protein-rich semiliquid material in the interior of a chloroplast. Where the Calvin cycle occurs.</p>
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thylakoid

A disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast.

<p>A disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast.</p>
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grana

Stacks of thylakoids.

<p>Stacks of thylakoids.</p>
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thylakoid membrane

The photosynthetic membrane within a chloroplast that contains light absorbing pigment molecules and electron transport chains.

<p>The photosynthetic membrane within a chloroplast that contains light absorbing pigment molecules and electron transport chains.</p>
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ATP

A molecule containing three high energy phosphate bonds that acts as the primary energy-transferring molecule in a living organism.

<p>A molecule containing three high energy phosphate bonds that acts as the primary energy-transferring molecule in a living organism.</p>
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ADP

A molecule containing two high-energy phosphate bonds that may be formed by breaking one of the phosphate bonds in ATP.

<p>A molecule containing two high-energy phosphate bonds that may be formed by breaking one of the phosphate bonds in ATP.</p>
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NADP+

A compound that accepts one hydrogen atom and two electrons forming NADPH; it is an electron acceptor.

<p>A compound that accepts one hydrogen atom and two electrons forming NADPH; it is an electron acceptor.</p>
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NADPH

A compound that donates one hydrogen atom and two electrons to another molecule, to reform NADP+; it is an electron donor.

<p>A compound that donates one hydrogen atom and two electrons to another molecule, to reform NADP+; it is an electron donor.</p>
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carbon fixation

The process of incorporating CO2 into carbohydrate molecules.

<p>The process of incorporating CO2 into carbohydrate molecules.</p>
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Calvin cycle

A cyclic set of reactions occurring in the stroma of chloroplasts that fixes the carbon of CO2 into carbohydrate molecules and recycles coenzymes. Light independent reaction.

<p>A cyclic set of reactions occurring in the stroma of chloroplasts that fixes the carbon of CO2 into carbohydrate molecules and recycles coenzymes. Light independent reaction.</p>
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light-dependent reactions

reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

<p>reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH</p>
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electron transport chain

A series of progressively stronger electron acceptors; each time an electron is transferred, energy is released. (No. 1 in picture.)

<p>A series of progressively stronger electron acceptors; each time an electron is transferred, energy is released. (No. 1 in picture.)</p>
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oxidation

A reaction in which an atom or molecule loses electrons.

<p>A reaction in which an atom or molecule loses electrons.</p>
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reduction

A reaction which an atom or molecule gains electrons.

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chemiosmosis

A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.

<p>A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.</p>
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photosynthesis equation

6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

<p>6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -&gt; C6H12O6 + 6O2</p>
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glucose

C6H12O6

<p>C6H12O6</p>
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chemical bonds

Where energy is stored in an ATP molecule

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high energy

Short wavelengths have...

<p>Short wavelengths have...</p>
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carbon dioxide and water

Raw materials used in photosynthesis.

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ATP, NADPH, O2

Products of 'light-dependent' reactions:

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photolysis

Process of water breaking down. Light-dependent reaction.

<p>Process of water breaking down. Light-dependent reaction.</p>