APUSH Timeline 1492 - Modern Day

What advancements led to the trans-Atlantic Voyages?

Improvements in navigation, shipbuilding with the invention of the compass and astrolabe.

What year did Columbus arrive in the New World?

1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue!

What was the Columbian Exchange?

The trans-Atlantic triangular trade of food, disease, and people between the Old World and the New World.

Which country became the colonial power in the Americas?

Spain

What was the significance of the year 1587 in English colonization?

It marked England's first attempt to settle in North America with the sponsorship of Sir Walter Raleigh at Roanoke Island, which ended up disappearing.

What event occurred in 1588 that affected Spain's naval power?

The English defeat of the Spanish Armada.

What system was enforced by Spain in Florida that affected Native Americans?

The encomienda system, which treated natives with lower respect due to their race.

What led to the trans-Atlantic Slave trade?

The failure of the encomienda system and the belief that Africans were inferior and could be exploited for labor.

What year marked the establishment of Jamestown?

1607, marking the beginning of permanent English settlement in North America.

Who funded the Jamestown settlement? (Use of Joint-Stock Companies)

The Virginia Company.

Who was the leader of the Jamestown settlement?

Captain John Smith.

What crop became a cash crop for the Jamestown settlers?

Tobacco.

What significant event occurred in 1620?

The arrival of the Mayflower in Plymouth.

What did the Toleration Act of 1649 accomplish?

It granted religious freedom to Christians in Maryland, a significant step towards religious tolerance in the American colonies.

What was the Glorious Revolution of 1688?

The overthrow of James II and the establishment of William and Mary as joint monarchs.

What were the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 a result of?

Unrest in religion, politics, and gender, leading to witch hysteria and many executions.

What was the Seven Years' War fought over?

Competition between the British and French for control of colonial territories and territorial disputes such as the Ohio Valley.

Who was the English Prime Minister during the Seven Years' War?

William Pitt.

What treaty ended the Seven Years' War in 1763?

The Treaty of Paris, which gave England control of Canada and almost everything east of the Mississippi Valley.

What event in 1763 forbade colonial settlement past the Appalachian Mountains?

The Proclamation of 1763.

What was the main consequence of the Stamp Act of 1765?

It taxed goods produced within the colonies and led to boycotts, sparking the phrase 'no taxation without representation'.

What act was passed after the repeal of the Stamp Act?

The Declaratory Act, which stated that Parliament could tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies.

What significant event occurred in 1770 that escalated tensions between colonists and British soldiers?

The Boston Massacre.

What was the Boston Tea Party of 1773 a protest against?

The tea tax.

What were the Intolerable Acts a response to?

The Boston Tea Party, which included closing Boston Harbor and tightening control over Massachusetts government.

What event marked the beginning of the American Revolutionary War in 1775?

The battles of Lexington and Concord.

What document was adopted in 1776 that articulated the principle of individual liberty?

The Declaration of Independence.

What was the significance of the Battle of Saratoga in 1777?

It was a turning point in the Revolutionary War.

What was the first national constitution of the United States, adopted in 1777?

The Articles of Confederation.

What major limitation did the Articles of Confederation have regarding the federal government?

It gave the federal government no power to raise an army and lacked an executive or judicial branch.

What alliance was negotiated by Ben Franklin in 1778?

The Franco-American Alliance, which brought the French into the war on the colonists' side.

What event in 1781 marked the end of the American Revolutionary War?

The Battle of Yorktown.

What treaty was signed in 1783 that granted the U.S. land and independence?

The Treaty of Paris.

What significant compromise was reached during the Constitutional Convention in 1787?

The Great Compromise, which established representation in the House of Representatives based on population and two senators per state.

What was the 3/5ths Compromise?

It counted 3/5 of the slave population toward representation, empowering Southern states.

What was established during Washington's presidency in 1788?

The National Bank and Hamilton's financial plan to reduce debt.

What significant event occurred in 1791?

The Bill of Rights was added.

What was the XYZ Affair in 1798?

A diplomatic incident that led to an undeclared war between the U.S. and France.

What act passed in 1798 limited free speech and targeted immigrants?

The Alien and Sedition Acts.

What election in 1800 marked a significant political shift in the U.S.?

Jefferson's Election.

What major land acquisition occurred in 1803?

The Louisiana Purchase.

What was the significance of the War of 1812?

It led to the end of the Federalist Party and the emergence of a sense of national unity.

What was the Missouri Compromise of 1820?

It admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, establishing a line for future slavery expansion.

What doctrine was established in 1823 that asserted America's right to intervene in its own hemisphere?

The Monroe Doctrine.

What event did Nat Turner lead in 1832?

Nat Turner's Rebellion, where he rallied a gang that killed and mutilated 60 whites.

What was the belief associated with Manifest Destiny between 1830 and 1850?

Americans believed in a God-given right to western territories.

What happened in 1845 as a result of the Spanish-Mexican War.

The Annexation of Texas.

What was the outcome of the Mexican-American War from 1845 to 1848?

The Wilmot Proviso was defeated quickly.

What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848?

It was the first women's rights convention.

What law was enacted in 1850 that affected escaped slaves?

The Fugitive Slave Law.

What important literary work was published in 1852?

Uncle Tom's Cabin.

What conflict is referred to as Bleeding Kansas?

The violent confrontations in Kansas between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in 1854.

What was the Dred Scott Decision of 1857?

A Supreme Court ruling that stated African Americans could not be American citizens.

What major conflict occurred from 1861 to 1865?

The Civil War.

What legislation was passed in 1862 to promote westward expansion?

The Homestead Act.

What proclamation did Lincoln issue in 1863?

The Emancipation Proclamation.

What significant battle took place in 1863?

The Battle of Gettysburg.

What happened to Lincoln in 1865?

Lincoln was assassinated.

What act was passed in 1867 to oversee the Reconstruction of the South? How did it affect the South?

The Military Reconstruction Act of 1867, The bill divided the former Confederate states, except for Tennessee, into five military districts.

What acquisition did the U.S. make in 1867, described by the term "Sewards Folly"?

The Purchase of Alaska, which was seen as a mistake as first as it was an iceland with no resources but secretly was oil-rich.

What was the Compromise of 1877?

It marked the end of military reconstruction in the South.

Define the riot that occurred in 1886?

The Haymarket Square Riot - labor protest in Haymarket Square for an eight-hour workday. A bomb was thrown into a crowd of police, resulting in a violent confrontation that killed both civilians and police officers

What legislation was enacted in 1887 affecting Native American land?

The Dawes Act, aiming to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream American society by encouraging them to farm and ranch

What two significant acts were passed in 1890 to protect industries and workers? What did they do?

The McKinley Tariff and the Sherman Antitrust Act. They increased tariffs on a wide range of manufactured goods, designed to make imported goods more expensive and encourage consumers to purchase domestically produced alternatives.

What labor strike occurred in 1894?

The Pullman Strike, in responses wage cuts and company town regulations

What Supreme Court case was decided in 1896 and later overturned with Brown vs. Board of Education?

Plessy v. Ferguson.

What territory was annexed by the U.S. in 1898?

Hawaii.

What war did the U.S. engage in during 1898?

The Spanish-American War.

What amendment was passed in 1902 related to Cuba? What did it do?

The Platt Amendment, which established the terms under which the United States would end its military occupation of Cuba

What significant aviation milestone occurred in 1903?

The Wright Brothers' first powered flight.

What policy was established by the Roosevelt Corollary in 1904?

It justified military intervention in Latin America to protect American interests.

What year did the U.S. enter World War I? What year did the war end?

1917-1918

What acts were passed in 1917 and 1918 in response to opposition to WWI? What did they do?

The Espionage Act and the Sedition Act. Which banned interfering with military recruitment and disseminating false information, and speaking any disloyal or abusive language about the government

What was President Wilson's proposal for peace called in 1918?

Wilson's Fourteen Points

What landmark Supreme Court case was decided in 1919? regarding?

Schenck v. United States stating that freedom of speech can be taken away if it causes danger or harm.

What significant amendment was ratified in 1920?

Women's Suffrage. (19th Amendment)

What decade is known for the Red Scare and Prohibition? (Great Gatsby)

The 1920s.

What economic event began in 1929? Why?

The Stock Market Crash, leading to the Great Depression. This was a result of America shifting from a wartime

Who was elected president in 1932, initiating the New Deal?

Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR).

What major global conflict began in 1939?

World War II.

What event occurred on December 7, 1941?

The Attack on Pearl Harbor.

What significant military operation took place on June 6, 1944?

D-Day.

What two cities were bombed in 1945?

Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

What doctrine was established in 1947 to contain Communism?

The Truman Doctrine.

What conflict occurred from 1950 to 1953?

The Korean War.

What significant Supreme Court case was decided in 1954?

Brown v. Board of Education.

What event in 1955 led to Martin Luther King Jr.'s national prominence?

The Montgomery Bus Boycott.

What significant event in 1957 led to the establishment of NASA?

The launch of Sputnik.

What major foreign policy issue did JFK inherit when he became President in 1961?

The Cuban issue.

What was the outcome of the Bay of Pigs invasion attempted by JFK in 1961?

It was an ill-fated attempt to resolve the Cuban issue.

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 known for?

Bringing the U.S. and Soviet Union closest to military confrontation.

What significant civil rights event took place in 1963?

The March on Washington.

What happened to JFK in 1963?

He was assassinated, and LBJ became President.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlaw?

Discrimination based on race, color, religion, or gender.

What sweeping change did the Great Society legislation of 1965 bring?

It represented a significant change to U.S. government since the New Deal.

What assassinations occurred in 1968?

The assassinations of Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy.

What was the Tet Offensive in 1968?

A major turning point in the Vietnam War where North Vietnamese and Vietcong nearly captured the American embassy in Saigon.

What impact did the Tet Offensive have on American public opinion?

It made the public believe they were being lied to and that the war was not winnable.

What significant event occurred in 1969?

The Moon landing.

What was the Watergate break-in in 1972 associated with?

The Pentagon Papers and the subsequent Senate hearings.