Humanities Final

stained-glass programs

The chief purpose of stained-glass programs in all Gothic cathedrals was to tell the stories of the Bible.

flying buttress

A flying buttress is traditionally built against an exterior wall of a Gothic church to provide support for more windows and brace it against strong winds.

Saint Theodore

The figure of Saint Theodore found on the jamb of Chartres’ south transept portal stands in a contrapposto position.

highest ratio of glass to stone

The Gothic church at Sainte-Chapelle features the highest ratio of glass to stone.

Allegory of Good Government

Ambrogio Lorenzetti is credited with painting the fresco known as the Allegory of Good Government.

Florence

By the twelfth century, Florence was the center of textile production in the Western world and played a central role in European trade markets.

Giotto di Bondone

According to an old story, Cimabue discovered Giotto di Bondone, a talented shepherd boy, and tutored him in painting.

Masetà (Virgin and Child)

Simone Martini is credited with painting the Masetà (Virgin and Child), which once hung in the council chamber of Siena’s Palazzo Pubblico.

Florence Cathedral Dome

Filippo Brunelleschi produced the winning design for the dome of Florence Cathedral.

Alhazen’s Perspectiva

Brunelleschi’s investigation of optics in Arab science contributed significantly to his understanding, particularly through Alhazen’s Perspectiva.

Timeless relationships

In Masaccio’s The Tribute Money, the Apostle Peter appears three times in different interactions with Christ.

Venus in Botticelli’s Primavera

Venus represents the highest moral qualities in Botticelli’s Primavera, recognized by humanists in Lorenzo’s court.

The Last Supper

Leonardo de Vinci’s The Last Supper is located on the north wall of the refectory of the Dominican monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie.

Julius II

After being elected pope, Julius II commissioned architect Donato Barmante to renovate the Vatican Palace.

Tempietto

The characteristics that contributed to the making of the Tempietto include its classical reference and mathematical orderliness.

Sistine Chapel symbols

Michelangelo includes the della Rovene heraldic symbols of oak and acorn throughout the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel to symbolize Pope Julius II's patronage.

School of Athens

Aristotle and Plato are the central figures in Raphael’s School of Athens.

Master of Flémalle

Many scholars consider Robert Campin the Master of Flémalle and, therefore, the creator of the Mérode Altarpiece.

Garden of Earthly Delights

Hieronymus Bosch created the Garden of Earthly Delights.

Isenheim Altarpiece

The Isenheim Altarpiece was created by Matthias Grünewald.

The Large Turf

Albrecht Dürer created The Large Turf, a watercolor depicting the minutest details of nature.

King Henry VIII's portrait

Hans Holbein the Younger painted a portrait of England’s King Henry VIII dressed in the clothes he wore when he married Anne of Cleves.

triptych

The Mérode Altarpiece is a three-part work, or triptych.

Mérode Altarpiece patrons

The altarpiece’s patrons are depicted in the left panel of the Mérode Altarpiece.

Giovanni Arnolfini double portrait

The reflection of artist Jan van Eyck can be seen in the mirror at the back of the double portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and Giovanna Cenami.

braghettoni

The term braghettoni refers to those who painted draperies over the 'offensive' areas of nude figures in Michelangelo’s Last Judgment.

Resurrection by El Greco

El Greco painted the Resurrection, which includes distinct mannerist qualities.

The Calling of Saint Matthew

Michelangelo Merisi (Caravaggio) painted The Calling of Saint Matthew for the Contarelli Chapel in the Church of San Luigi dei Francesi.

Judith and Holofernes

Artemisia Gentileschi painted five separate versions of the biblical story of Judith and Holofernes.

landscape painting

The View of Haarlem from the Dunes of Overveen is considered a 'landscape' painting.

genre scenes by Jan Steen

Jan Steen was particularly successful with genre scenes, including The Dancing Couple.

The Arrival and Reception of Marie de’ Medici

Peter Paul Rubens painted The Arrival and Reception of Marie de’ Medici at Marseilles.

Arcadian Shepherds

Nicolas Poussin painted Arcadian Shepherds.

The Raft of the Medusa

Eugene Delacroix served as a model for one of the figures featured in Theodore Gericault’s The Raft of the Medusa.

Impression: Sunrise

Claude Monet painted Impression: Sunrise, which played a significant role in giving Impressionism its name.

Luncheon of the Boating Party

August Renoir preferred to paint the crowd and created Luncheon of the Boating Party.

Sunday on La Grand Jatte

Georges Seurat depended on a pointillist style to paint Sunday on La Grand Jatte.

impasto technique

Vincent van Gogh utilized a technique known as impasto to create Night Café.

Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon

Pablo Picasso painted Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon, which became notorious as an assault on traditional painting.

Cubism

Cubism was born out of collaboration between Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.

First Position (Ballet)

First Position in ballet is when the heels are touching, and the feet form a straight line.

Second Position (Ballet)

Second Position in ballet is when the heels are wide apart, and the feet form a straight line.

Third Position (Ballet)

Third Position in ballet places one foot in front of the other with the heel against the instep.

Fourth Position (Ballet)

Fourth Position in ballet has the feet apart, one foot in front of the other, with heels in line.

Fifth Position (Ballet)

Fifth Position in ballet is when one foot is in front of the other with the heel against the joint of the big toe.