Vitamins and Minerals

• eye health

• increase function

• skin integrity

Vitamin A uses

carrots

sweet potatoes

leafy greens

dairy products

Food sources of vitamin A

900mcg

The recommended daily amount of vitamin A: Adult Men

700mcg

The recommended daily amount of vitamin A: Adult Women

200,000mcg

Limit of Vitamin A

• nausea

• vomiting

• vertigo

• blurry vision

if more than 200,000 mcg of Vitamin A

400mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• Birth-6months

500mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• 7-12months

300mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• 1-3 years

400mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• 4-8 years

600mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• 9-13 years

900mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• 14-18 years (Male)

700mcg

Vitamin A recommended dose:

• 14-18 years (Female)

3,000mcg

Vitamin A daily limit

• Bone thinning 

• Liver damage 

• Headache 

• Diarrhea Nausea

• Skin irritation 

• Pain in joints and bone 

• Birth defects

Taking more than 3,000 mcg can lead to:

• Spina Bifida 

• Small/no eyes 

• cleft palate

• deformed limbs

• Absent /deformed:

  • Limbs 

  • Kidneys 

  • Genitals 

  • Heart 

  • Thyroid 

  • Skeleton

Overdosage of Vitamin A can lead to Malformation to fetus

• Anticoagulants

• Bexarotene

• Hepatotoxic Drugs

• Orlistat

• Retinoid

You should not take Vitamin A with

increase bleeding

Anticoagulants + VitA

Bexarotene

Vitamin A + topical cancer drugs increase the drug side effect = itchy dry skin

Hepatotoxic drug

High dose of Vitamin A increase liver damage and disease

Orlistat

• Weight loss medication interrupts with the absorption of  vitamin A 

• to prevent vA deficiency: Take multivitamin A and Beta Carotene if taking this medication

Retinoid

Don’t take Vitamin A with retinoid at the same time as this increases the Vitamin A level

Vitamin C

• powerful sources antioxidants

• immune health + collagen production

• Citrus fruits

• bellpeppers

• strawberry

• broccoli

Vitamin C food sources

Sodium Ascorbate

• not recommended for pts with hypertension

• recommended for pts with hyperacidity and ulcers

Ascorbic Acid

• recommended for pts with hypertension

• not recommended for pts with hyperacidity and ulcers

Vitamin C

• is water  soluble and the body doesn't store it (excreted) so it is recommended to be consumed everyday

• an antioxidant that helps reduce inflammation and lower risk of developing diseases including some  Cancer

• Also removes unwanted substances known as ROS from the body

• Absorbs Iron, boosts immune system, and chances of wound healing

Collagen

• the main component in connective tissue and makes 1-2% of muscle tissue 

Reactive Oxygen Species

are substances such as free radicals that result from natural bodily processes, exposure to pollution and other factors

2,000mg

Vitamin C daily limit

90mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• Men

75mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• Women

80mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• Pregnant teens

85mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• Pregnant women

115mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• Breastfeeding: 14-18 yo

120mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• Breastfeeding: 18+ yo

25mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• 4-8 yo

45mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• 9-13 yo

75mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• 14-18 yo (male)

65mg

Vitamin C daily limit:

• 14-18 yo (female)

• diarrhea

• nausea

• stomach cramping

• bloating

• general abdominal discomfort

Common Mild Side effects of Vitamin C 

• kidney stones

• lessen the HDL increase from Niacin–Simvastatin

Severe Side effects of Vitamin C 

• Aluminum

• Statin and Niacin

• Warfarin

• Chemotherapy

• Estrogen

• Protease Inhibitors

You should Not take Vitamin C with: 

Vitamin D

• bone health

• immune function

• mood regulators

Vitamin D

Interaction: Blood thinner and Anti-Seizure medications

Vitamin D

Food Sources

• fatty fish

• egg yolks

• fortified dairy

• plant-based milks

Vitamin D

is a fat soluble naturally present in few foods (dietary Supplement). It is also produced endogenously when UV rays from sunlight strike the skin

Cholecalciferol

Vitamin D chemical name

15mcg

Recommended daily dose of vitamin D

• Orlistat

• Statins 

• Steroids

• Thiazide Diuretics

• Patient with hyperthyroidism

Vitamin D : Do not interact with

• Nausea 

• Vommitig 

• Dehydration 

• Kidney stones

• Muscle weakness 

• Confusion 

• Pain 

• Loss of appetite 

• Excessive urination

Overuse of Vitamin D

15mg

19mg

4mg

Vitamin D Recommended for:

• Adult

• Pregnant/breastfeeding

• Infant (0-6 months)

• Blood thinning

• Hemorrhagic stroke

Overdose of Vitamin E

• Antidepressant medication 

• Antipsychotic medication 

• Aspirin

• AZT (for HIV)

• Betablockers (-olol) 

• Statins

• Chemotherapy drugs

• Tamoxifen

• Warfarin

• Orlistat

• Calcium channel blockers (-dipine_

Do not interact with vitamin d:

Vitamin B complex

• Energy Production convert food to energy 

• Nerve function healthy nerve function 

• RBC formation 

• Fatigue

• Anemia

• Anxiety

• Depression

• Mouth ulcers

Vitamin B deficiencies

• Skin rash

• Hypertension

• Hypotension

• Mood swings

Vitamin B Overdose

• Vitamin C

• Aminosalicylic acid

• Metmorfin

• Antibiotic (tetracycline)

• Levodapa

Vitamin B: don’t interact with

Calcium Gluconate

Magnesium antidote

• Muscle Formation

• Blood Sugar Regulation

• Bone Health

Magnesium

5000mg

400-420mg

310-320mg

400mg

350-360mg

Magnesium

• Maximum per day :

• Men:

• Women:

• Pregnant Teenagers:

• Pregnant women :

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Facial flushing

• Dehydration

Overdose of Magnesium

• Antibiotic

• Bisphosphonate

• Diabetic drugs

• Digoxin

• Gabapentin

Magnesium interactions: don’t take with

8mg/day

18mg/day

30mg/day

1mg/kg

7mg/day

Iron Dosage: 

Men & Postmenopausal Women:

Premenopausal Women:

Children:

Breastfed infants (4 months):

Toddlers (1-3 years):

Hemochromatosis

Build-up of iron

Ibuprofen

Naproxen

Paracetamol

celecoxib

Iron should not be taken with NSAIDS like 

• Tetracycline 

• Celibothyroxine

• Bisphosphonate 

Don't give Iron with:

• Dairy products 

• Coffee 

Lowers absorption of iron

Zinc

• Support Immune function 

• Wound healing 

• Improve taste and smell

• Red meat

• poultry

• seafood

Zinc food sources

• Premature birth

• Liver cirrhosis

• Slower healing

Zinc deficiency

2 hours

4-6 hours

Take antibiotics _______ before or _______ after taking zinc.