APUSH Chapter 25

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Hoover's Background

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19 Terms

1

Hoover's Background

Orphaned at nine, Hoover's success as a mining engineer and humanitarian shaped his belief in individualism and charity.

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2

Agricultural Marketing Act (1929)

Established the Federal Farm Board to aid farmers during the Depression but proved insufficient.

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3

Bull & Bear Market

Bull market sees rising prices, bear market the opposite; the 1920s had a strong bull market.

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4

Black Tuesday

(Oct. 29, 1929) Stock market crash leading to a loss of two-thirds of stock value, impacting public confidence and spending.

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5

Ponzi Schemes

Charles Ponzi's fraudulent investment scheme using later investors' money to pay early ones, costing $20 million.

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6

Causes of the Great Depression

Unbalanced foreign trade, overcapacity, mechanization, easy credit, income inequality, and lack of social safety net.

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7

Dawes Plan (1924)

US lending to Germany to pay reparations, impacting global economy during the Depression.

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8

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (1932)

Created by Hoover to aid industries and criticized for its trickle-down approach.

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9

Hoovervilles

Shantytowns named after Hoover where the homeless lived during the Depression.

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10

Norris-La Guardia Act (1932)

Pro-labor bill outlawing yellow-dog contracts and injunctions against strikes.

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11

Bonus Army (1932)

WWI veterans seeking bonus payment faced forceful eviction by US troops under Hoover's administration.

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12

The Scottsboro Boys

Nine African American youths wrongly accused of rape, leading to landmark Supreme Court cases.

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13

Dust Bowl

Severe drought and poor farming practices causing erosion in the Midwest, displacing farmers.

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14

The Grapes of Wrath

Steinbeck's novel depicting Dust Bowl hardships and migrant families in the 1930s.

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15

Hoover and Latin America

Hoover's policy shift towards non-intervention in Latin America, preceding FDR's Good Neighbor policy.

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16

Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)

Highest peacetime tariff in US history, leading to reduced trade with Europe.

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17

Clark Memorandum

Refuted Roosevelt Corollary and caused a return to the original Monroe Doctrine, thus a policy of non-interference in Latin America.

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18

The American Legion

(1919) A social club and lobbying organization in support of veterans and against socialist groups.

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19

Hoover’s Rugged Individualism

President Herbert Hoover's belief in self-reliance and minimal government intervention during the Great Depression.

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