ART EC-12 Exam Study Stuff

A comprehensive set of flashcards based on ART EC-12 exam preparation notes to aid in studying key concepts and terminology.

Which art movement are Man Ray, Marcel Duchamp, and Max Ernst associated with?

Dada

What was Ai Weiwei’s motivation for creating his Sunflower Seeds artwork?

To comment on China’s mass production techniques that process items for the West.

How did sculpture change from the Classical period to the Hellenistic period?

Sculptures showed more emotion, energy, and suffering.

What is a key difference between digital photography and film photography?

Digital photography can be more easily edited than film photography.

How did Chuck Close's medical event impact his painting career?

Close modified his techniques to accommodate his restrictions.

What traditional ingredient is used by Renaissance painters to seal a canvas?

Rabbit-skin glue.

Which method is NOT used to create a successful composition in photography?

Boxing it in.

What does the mezzotint process involve?

The artist works from dark to light, adjusting the plate's texture to hold ink.

What is raku pottery?

A low-fire clay, usually hand shaped and porous.

Who was Jean-Michel Basquiat?

He was part of a graffiti duo called SAMO in the 1970s.

What is appropriation in artwork?

Borrowing and using pre-existing images with few or no changes.

What principle did Bauhaus design advocate?

Form follows function.

Which pigment is considered toxic?

Chrome Yellow.

What is a salon-style exhibition?

Artwork is hung at various levels to maximize display space.

What is the correct way to write an aspect ratio of height 9 and width 16?

16:9.

What is a preliminary small-scale model created prior to a finished sculpture called?

Maquette.

What characteristic do Egyptian and Mayan pyramids share?

A square base with four sides.

What is an advantage of using gouache instead of acrylic paint?

It can be rewet and reworked.

What does PPI stand for in digital resolution?

Pixels per inch.

Which statement does NOT describe warp and weft in weaving?

The weft is longitudinal and is held in high tension.

What is the type of drawing made by focusing entirely on the subject without looking at the paper?

Blind contour drawing.

In which art period did artists shift from being seen as skilled laborers to respected professionals?

Renaissance.

What principle of design is most focused on in a certain artwork?

Rhythm.

How many megabytes are in a gigabyte?

1,000 megabytes.

What is the best use of glassine paper?

To place between prints for protection and conservation.

What theory of art recognizes the importance of a subject as an extension of perception?

Representationalism.

What color harmony consists of four corners on two complementary pairs?

Tetradic.

What art movement influenced Art Deco?

Cubism.

What is the appeal of automatism to surrealist artists?

It brings subconscious thoughts to the surface.

What method is best for evenly covering a background with watercolor?

Wash.

Why are precious metals often mixed with alloys?

To strengthen the base metal.

What is an example of post-and-lintel construction?

Stonehenge.

Which technique would NOT be appropriate for creating multiple prints?

Monotype.

Which methods were used to create a photograph?

Long exposure.

Which graphic file format is an example of lossy compression?

.jpg.

Why must canvas be primed before oil painting?

Without primer, the oil will deteriorate the canvas.

Which color harmonies could consist of green, orange, and purple?

Triadic.

Which architectural style features tall spires and stained glass?

Gothic.

Which is NOT a type of photographic positive on metal?

Ambrotype.

What pigment is not hazardous due to toxic metals?

Cadmium yellow hue.

Which tool would be used to engrave a metal plate for printmaking?

Burin.

What is the role of a patron for a Renaissance artist?

Patrons commissioned artists to create artworks.

Which binder is used in watercolor paints?

Gum arabic.

What method would a graphic artist use to create a resizing logo?

Creating a vector-based logo and saving it as an EPS.

What describes the relationship between an element of art and a principle of design?

Movement could be created with wavy lines leading the viewer’s eye.

What rise led to the portrayal of secular figures in Renaissance artwork?

A surge of humanism.

Which aesthetic theory is used to analyze the significance of a subject in art?

Representationalism.

Which fiber used in arts is NOT man-made?

Jute.

What characteristic do acrylic and oil paints share?

Both can be applied thickly or thinly.

Why float-mount artwork when preparing for hanging?

It allows the artwork to expand and contract without damage.

How are acrylic paints advantageous for surrealist techniques?

They can be more easily scraped off the canvas.

What describes the balance of the Red Wire Sculpture?

Asymmetrically balanced with movement following the red wire elements.

What drawing media was created in response to a graphite shortage?

Conte crayons.

What types of artwork are attributed to Aboriginal artists in Australia?

Petroglyphs, dot paintings, and stone arrangements.

Why are hinging tissue or mounting corners used instead of tape for framing?

To prevent damage from temperature and moisture fluctuations.

What accurately describes control of depth of field?

A wide aperture results in a shallow depth of field.

Which of the following is NOT a video file format?

.png.

What criticism theory evaluates hidden meanings in an artwork?

Deconstruction criticism theory.

Which artist is NOT associated with land art?

Joseph Beuys.

What was Roy Lichtenstein’s motivation for using comic book styling?

To close the gap between fine art and commercial art.

What does the “fat over lean” principle in oil painting entail?

Each layer of paint needs to be more flexible than the one underneath.

What is the biggest risk of clay dust?

It can be toxic and cause respiratory problems.

Which printer type produces the best-quality photo prints?

Inkjet.

What does cultural perspective aesthetic theory analyze in art?

The meanings behind symbols and imagery.

What material is used to create lithographic prints?

Tusche.

What is the difference between resizing raster and vector images?

A vector image can be scaled without loss of quality.

What term is least associated with crochet?

Purl.

What material did Michelangelo's sculpture from 1513 to 1515 use?

Marble.

What is a baren's purpose in printmaking?

To transfer ink onto paper.

How can the golden ratio be used for composition?

Use the 'eye of the rectangle' method.

Which medium leaves small highlights in watercolor paintings?

Liquid frisket.

What does SDS stand for in relation to hazardous art supplies?

Safety Data Sheet.

What is an example of using appropriation in artwork?

Marcel Duchamp’s use of a urinal in his artwork Fountain.

Which type of stone is softer and used by beginners in sculpting?

Soapstone.

What technique would an artist use to complete a painting in one session?

Alla prima.

What issue does oiling out repair in oil paintings?

Dull spots left by oil soaking into the canvas.

What is the name for architectural elements used as columns in statues?

Caryatid.

What does lightfastness of a pigment mean?

The pigment’s stability against exposure to light.

What do pyrometric cones in ceramics provide?

A visual representation of heat levels in the kiln.

Which fiber art technique is shown in certain images?

Knitting.

Which material is NOT primarily colored with carbon?

Soft pastels.

What is a quick sketch of a person used in fashion called?

Croquis.

What file format should NOT be used for storing an unedited photo?

.jpg.

What does DSLR stand for in camera terminology?

Digital single-lens reflex.

Which of the following is a characteristic of Baroque art?

Dramatic lighting and intense emotion

Which philosopher is best known for exploring the nature of beauty and art in The Birth of Tragedy?

Friedrich Nietzsche

A teacher notices that a student consistently uses dark colors and chaotic compositions. What should the teacher do first?

Discuss the artwork with the student to understand their intent

Which of the following best defines negative space in an artwork?

The space surrounding and between the subject(s) of an artwork

What is formalism in regards to art criticism approaches?

An approach that emphasizes visual analysis—line, color, shape, balance, etc, focusing on the elements and principles of design rather than contextual factors like content or author's intent.

What is the Constructivist theory in the art classroom?

A theory that emphasizes active, student-centered learning that builds on personal connections.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of Impressionist painting?

Loose, visible brushwork and focus on light and atmosphere

During the Harlem Renaissance, which artist was known for portraying African American culture with bold color and stylized forms?

Jacob Lawrence

What was a primary innovation of the Italian Renaissance in visual art?

Use of linear perspective to create depth

What is Instrumentalism in art?

A philosophical approach emphasizing art's practical functions, rather than its aesthetic qualities.

What is Expressionism in art?

A modernist movement that emphasizes emotional experience over physical reality, using vivid colors and exaggerated forms to convey feelings.

What is Imitationalism in art theory?

A theory that values the realistic representation of subjects, focusing on the accurate depiction of visual appearances.

Which artist is known for combining African aesthetics with modernist abstraction in the early 20th century?

Pablo Picasso

Which of the following is considered a hallmark of Gothic architecture?

Flying buttresses and pointed arches

In aesthetics, what does the term sublime typically refer to?

An overwhelming sense of beauty or awe

What is encaustic?

A painting technique using heated wax mixed with colored pigments, applied to a surface.