Motor Speech Disorders Final Exam Flashcards

AOS is a breakdown in ___ or ___ movements of speech.

Planning, programming

All people with AOS should be considered ___, because of _______.

Aphasic, co-occurance

What etiologies are associated with AOS?

• Stroke (most common)

• tumors/surgical

• trauma (sometimes)

• demyelinating (occasionally)

• neurodegenerative (not common)

• inflammatory/toxic (rare)

What symptoms are associated with AOS?

• I have the words, but they’re not coming out right

• Not as fluent as before

• Always mispronounce words

• centers on artic and rate, not resp/phon/reson.

What is Nonverbal Oral Apraxia?

inability to imitate or follow command to perform volitions movements in speech structures.

How do we assess NVOA?

Ask patient to cough, blow, or click tongue

What is limb apraxia?

• A planning/programming issue with volitional movements of limbs

What are articulatory errors of AOS?

• distortions of consonants and vowels (most common)

• substitutions

• omissions

• additions (schwa)

• voicing errors

• affricates/fricatives/clusters more errored

What are prosodic errors of AOS?

• slowed rate

• longer pauses

• longer time to produce sound segment

• longer time to transition between sounds

• segregated sound

• equalized stress across syllables\

• prolonged consonants/vowels

• false starts/restarts

• groping

How does the context of utterances impact AOS?

• increased errors with word length

• increased errors with phonetic complexity

• novel utterances are harder than “automatic” speech

What is a common AOS oral mech finding?

No evidence of weakness

What errors in the 5 speech systems are necessary for an AOS diagnosis?

• articulation

• prosody

• varied distortions are common

What are some of the 5 speech systems NOT impacted by AOS?

• Respiration

• Phonation

• Resonance

• (and their aspects)

How does an individual present with severe AOS?

• usually with NVOA

• apraxia of phonation

• poor imitation

• this is more common than mild AOS

• the characteristics can be different than AOS

What are the primary AOS tests available?

• Apraxia Battery for Adults - 2nd edition (ABA-2)

• Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale - 3

What are some characteristics of the ABA-2?

• informal

• takes about 20 minutes to administer

What are some characteristics of the ASRS-3?

• speaking tasks from the WAB

• conversational speech

• word/sentence repetition

• verbal fluency

• AMRs & SMRs

Differentiate AOS & Dysarthria in general.

• AOS is articulation & prosody issues due to planning/programming.

• Dysarthria is all 5 speech systems issues due to motor execution.

Differentiate AOS & Phonemic Paraphasias.

• Aphasia - no sound errors, has to have a language impairment

• AOS - more distortion errors

• AOS also impacts prosody
  + slow speaking rate
  + lengthening (pauses, consonants, vowels)
  + frequently have equalized stress
  - unlike what was previously thought, error variability will not help distinguish AOS from aphasia with paraphasias.