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These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to behaviorism, critiques from prominent psychologists, and related psychological theories.
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Behaviorism
A psychological movement advocating that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning.
Radical Behaviorism
An extension of behaviorism that focuses on observable behaviors and dismisses unobservable processes like thoughts and emotions.
Nativism
The philosophical belief that certain skills or abilities are hard-wired into the brain at birth.
Philosophical Empiricism
The view that all knowledge is based on, or comes from, sense experience.
Positive Reinforcement
A concept in behaviorism where rewards are used to encourage desired behaviors.
MKUltra
A CIA program that used unethical methods, including behaviorism, to manipulate individuals' memories and behaviors.
De-patterning
A process of erasing previous memories and behaviors as attempted in Dr. Cameron's experiments.
Chomsky's Nativist Theory
The theory proposing that humans are born with an innate capacity for language acquisition.
Poverty of Stimulus
The argument that children receive insufficient linguistic input to acquire language solely through behaviorist principles.
Universal Grammar
Chomsky's theory that humans possess an innate grammatical structure shared across all languages.
Walden Two
A novel by B.F. Skinner that advocates for a society built on behaviorist principles.
Imitation in Language Acquisition
Skinner's theory that children learn to speak through reinforcement of sounds that are similar to human speech.
Behaviorism's Demise
The decline of behaviorism as a dominant psychological theory due to critiques from thinkers like Noam Chomsky.
Cultural Design in Behaviorism
The practice of shaping a society's behavior through controlled environmental factors rather than forcing actions.
Psychological Phenomena Post-WWI
A period marked by significant discoveries in psychology known for both useful and harmful behaviorist ideas.