Molecular Biology (Prelims) - Introduction to Molecular Biology

Molecular biology:
Study of the ____of the molecular building blocks of life

structure, function, and makeup

Molecular biology focuses on the interactions between the various systems of a cell including:

Interrelationship of DNA, RNA & protein synthesis and how these interactions are regulated

What year is “study macromolecules that generate life”

1930

In 1940, they established the existence of a precise relationship between genes and protein

George Beadle & Edward Tatum

In 1953, they discovered the DNA

James Watson & Francis Crick

He started the field of genetic engineering

Kary Mullis

He invented polymerase chain reaction

Kary Mullis

it is a simple biological copy machine that rapidly can produce many copies of a specific piece of DNA in the lab

polymerase chain reaction

The discovery of the ___ has proven to be a major breakthrough in modern science.

mechanism of heredity

The techniques of ___ enable molecular biologists to study higher plants and animals, opening up the possibility of manipulating plant and animal genes to achieve greater agricultural productivity.

genetic engineering

1990 is the start of the now-completed ____

Human Genome Project

Human Genome Project
discover all the estimated _____ human genes and make them accessible for further biological study

20,000 - 25,000

Human Genome Project

Parallel studies were carried out on selected model organisms such as the bacterium _____ to help develop the technology and interpret human gene function

Escherichia coli and the mouse

Disciplines of Molecular Biology (6)

Genomics, Pharmacogenomics, Proteomics, Molecular Genetics, Toxicogenomics, DNA Forensics

What Disciplines of Molecular Biology?

focused on the properties, uses, and functions of DNA

- Directly focus on the function and structure of the nucleic acid

Genomics

What Disciplines of Molecular Biology?
practice of utilizing gene information of humans to select drug therapy for patients ; important for precision medicine

- Under pharmacology; Precursor to exact medication (to use)

Pharmacogenomics

What Disciplines of Molecular Biology?
study on proteins (structure, properties, functions) - How they react

Proteomics

What Disciplines of Molecular Biology?

study of genes

Molecular Genetics

What Disciplines of Molecular Biology?
acquiring genetic info in response to toxicities

- Under pharmacology; related to toxicities

Toxicogenomics

What Disciplines of Molecular Biology?

use DNA analysis to solve crimes

DNA Forensics