Anatomy And Physiology ATI TEAS Test study guide

Which of the following terms describes the location of the wrist relative to the elbow?

a. distal

b. proximal

c. anterior

d. posterior

a

Which of the following cavities holds the ovaries?

a. ventral

b. thoracic

c. abdominal

d. pelvic

d

Which of the following layers of the wall of the heart contains cardiac muscles?

a. myocardium only

b. epicardium only

c. endocaardium only

d. myocardium and epicardium only

a

The blood from the right ventricle goes to

a. the left atria

b. the vena cava

c. the aorta

d. the lungs

d

The blood vessels that carry the blood from the heart are called

a. veins

b. venules

c. capillaries

d. arteries

d

Which of the following is the opening in the throat through which air passes after it enters the mouth?

a. nasopharynx

b. oropharynx

c. laryngopharynx

d. larynx

b

During respiration, the epiglottis prevents air from entering which of the following organs?

a. bronchi

b. pharynx

c. larynx

d. esophagus

d

Stem cells are found in which of the following tissues?

a. red bone marrow

b. periosteum

c. compact bones

d. bone matrix

a

Which of the following parts of the skeletal system is formed from long bones?

a. limbs

b. thoracic cage

c. skull

d. vertebral column

a

Which of the following types of muscle is found in blood vessels?

a. cardiac muscle

b. visceral muscle

c. type I muscle fibers

d. type II muscle fibers

b

Which of the following processes are performed by myofibrils?

a.sugar storage

b. electrochemical communication

c. lactic acid fermentation

d. muscle contractions

d

Which of the following parts of a neuron is responsible for carrying information away form the cell?

a. soma

b. axon

c. dendrite

d. myelin

b

Which of the following neurons signals muscles to contract?

a. effernt neuron

b. afferent neuron

c. interneurons

d. efferent and afferent neurons

a

Which of the following organs does food NOT pass through as part of digestion?

a. stomach

b. large intestine

c. esophagus

d. liver

d

Which layer of the stomach contains blood vessels and nerves?

a. the mucosa

b. the submucosa

c. the serose

d. the cardia

b

Which of the following immune system processes is NOT considered a nonspecific defense of the innate immune system?

a. fever

b. inflammation

c. phagocyte production

d. antibody production

d

Which of the following types of cells coordinates both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated responses?

a. helper t-cells

b. memory cells

c. b-cells

d. phagocytes

a

Which of the following glands indirectly controls growth by acting on the pituitary gland?

a. hypothalamus

b. thyroid gland

c. adrenal glands

d. parathyroid glands

a

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary characteristics?

a. melatonin

b. follicle-stimulating hormone

c. estrogen

d. testosterone

d

A patient experiencing symptoms such as kidney stones and arthritis due to a calcium imbalance probably has a disorder of which of the following glands?

a. hypothalamus

b. thyroid gland

c. parathyroid glands

d. adrenal glands

c

Which of the following organs does NOT contribute material to semen?

a. the prostate

b. the Cowpers glands

c. the penis

d. the testes

c

Fertilization typically takes place in the :

a. fallopian tube

b. ovaries

c. uterus

d. cervix

a

Which of the following is the outermost layer of the kidney?

a. renal cortex

b. renal medulla

c. renal pelvis

d. nephron

a

Which of the following organs holds urine before it passes into the urethra?

a. prostate

b. kidney

c. ureter

d. urinary bladder

d

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

a. regulate body temperature

b. protecting against injury

c. producing adrenaline

d. maintaining water/salt balance

c

Which of the following is the outermost layer of the skin?

a. hypodermis

b. dermis

c. epidermis

d. apocrine

c

The Y chromosome carries fewer traits than the x chromosome. A male will transmit these traits to

a. 100% of his female offspring

b. 100% of his male offspring

c. 50% of his female offspring

d. 50% of his male offspring

b

A cell can be thought of as an aqueous solution enclosed in a semi-permeable membrane. To keep cells from bursting or collapsing when patients receive fluids intravenously, what type of pressure must these fluids have to match that within cells?

a. thermodynamic

b. osmotic

c. ionic

d. exothermic

b

A person with excess stomach acid, HCl, might take milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2, to relieve his or her discomfort. Which negative ions are formed in the chemical reaction that takes place?

a. H- and Mg-

b. Cl- and OH-

c. H- and Mg2-

d. Cl- and OH2-

b

The right and left hemispheres of the brain are connected by which anatomical structure?

a. corpus callosum

b. medulla

c. cerebellum

d. hypothalamus

a

The function of the ribosome is

a. translocation

b. transcription

c. replication

d. translation

c

The state of mitosis in which DNA is condensed into chromosomes, aligned at the equatorial plane and attached to spindle fibers from the centrioles is best described as

a. metaphase

b. telophase

c. anaphase

d. interphase

a

Although mitosis is commonly referred to as cell division, the cell itself truly becomes two separate cells through which process?

a. telophase

b. cytokinesis

c. s phase

d. transcription

b

All of the following about RNA are true EXCEPT

a. RNA is single stranded

b. RNAs nucleic acids include uracil instead of guanine

c. RNAs sugar-phosphate backbone contains ribose

d. RNA permeates the nuclear envelope

b

What is a substance or combination of substances capable of neutralizing limited quantities of either an acid or a base that are added to it without significantly altering its pH valve?

a. neutral solution

b. hydroxide ion

c. hydronium ion

d. buffer

d

The temp outside the hospital is 32 degrees Celsius what is the temp using the Fahrenheit scale?

a. 57.6 degrees

b. 17.8 degrees

c. 49.8 degrees

d. 89.6 degrees

d

Which of the following represents the correct order of gene expression?

a. RNA>DNA>Protein

b. Protein>DNA>RNA

c. DNA>Protein>RNA

d. DNA>RNA>Protein

d

The cell organelle responsible for transport of substances through the cell is the

a. nucleus

b. golgi apparatus

c. centioles

d. endoplasmic reticulum

d

Which of the following correctly traces drop of blood from the superior vena cava through the heart to the aorta?

( A ) superior vena cava → left left ventricle pulmonary artery lungs- pulmonary vein → right atrium → right ven- tricle-aorta

( B ) superior vena cava- > left atrium → left ven . tricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmo nary artery - right atrium - right ventricle -aorta

(C) superior vena cava > right atrium > right ventricle >pulmonary artery > lungs >pulmonary vein >left atrium > left vetricle > aorta

( D ) superior monary artery left atrium left ventricle ventricle → pulmonary vein → lung - pul . vena cava → right atrium → right → aorta

c

After leaving the stomach, which anatomical structure does food travel to first?

a. duodenum

b. ileum

c. jejunum

d. cecum

a

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for which of the following tasks?

a. protein syntheses

b. intracellular and extracellular transport

c. storage and replication of DNA

d. production of ATP

b

A student places a cell with a 50mM intracellular ion content into a solution containing 20mM ion content. Which of the following will happen in this system?

a. water will move out of the cell, decreasing the size of the cell

b. water will move into the cell, increasing the size of the cell

c. ions will move into the cell

d. there will be no movement of water or ions across the cell membrane

b

Which of the following substances cannot travel across a cell membrane without the use of energy?

a. water

b. potassium

c. sodium

d. glucose

d

Which of the following structures is embedded in the cell membrane to facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane?

a. proteins

b. ATP

c. glucose

d. lipids

a

Which of the following statements describes the expression of X-linked traits?

a. x-linked traits are expressed more often in men

b. x-linked traits are expressed more often in women

c. x-linked traits are expressed equally in men and women

d. x-linked traits are expressed only in men who carry the dominant allele

a

Which of the following best describes a substance with a pH of 12?

a. very acidic

b. slightly acidic

c. neutral

d. very basic

d

What symptoms would you expect in a patient with low blood oxygen?

a. joint pain

b. weakness and low energy

c. excessive bleeding

d. nausea

b

The systemic loop carries oxygenated blood to the body from which chamber of the heart?

a. left atrium

b. right atrium

c. left ventricle

d. right ventricle

c

Where is food broken down in the digestive system so it can ultimately enter the blood stream?

a. in the stomach only

b. in the stomach, small intestine and large intestine

c. in the mouth, stomach and large intestine

d. in the mouth, stomach and small intestine

d

A patient has been diagnosed with a chemical imbalance in his brain. Which part of his neurons is likely to be affected by this imbalance?

a. dendrites

b. axons

c. synapses

d. lateral

c

An ovum stays in the fallopian tube for several days without moving. what can you assume?

a. the ovum is not mature

b. the ovum has been fertilized

c. the ovum has not been fertilized

d. the ovum may be twins

c

The secretions from sudoriferous glands mainly serve what function?

a. lubricate the skin for elasticity

b. cool the bodys temperature

c. protect the ear canal

d. provide a first line of defense against infection

b