#1 | [MALE] ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY PPT

Gonads

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

These are the PRIMARY SEX ORGANS.

• TESTES IN MALES

• OVARIES IN FEMALES

It PRODUCES GAMETES (SEX CELLS) AND SECRETE HORMONES.

• SPERM IN MALE GAMETERS

• OVA (EGGS) IN FEMALE GAMETES

Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System

1. Testes

2. Duct System

3. Accessory Organs

4. External Genitalia

Duct System

This INCLUDES…

1. EPIDIDYMIS

2. DUCTUS (VAS) DEFERENS

3. URETHRA

Accessory Organs in Male

This INCLUDES…

1. SEMINAL GLANDS (VESICLES)

2. PROSTATE

3. BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS

External Genitalia in Male

It INCLUDES…

1. PENIS

2. SCROTUM

Testes

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EACH OF THIS IS CONNECTED TO THE TRUNK VIA SPERMATIC CORD, WHICH HOUSES:

1. BLOOD VESSELS

2. NERVES

3. DUCTUS DEFERENS

Coverings of the Testes

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

IT INCLUDES…

1. TUNICA ALBUGINEA

2. SEPTA

Tunica Albuginea

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

IT IS THE CAPSULE THAT SURROUNDS EACH TESTIS

Septa

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

IT IS THE EXTENSIONS OF THE CAPSULE THAT EXTEND INTO THE TESTIS AND DIVIDE IT INTO LOBULES.

Seminiferous Tubules

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EACH LOBULE CONTAINS 1-4 OF THIS.

• IT IS A TIGHTLY COILED STRUCTURES

• FUNCTIONS AS SPERM FORMING FACTORIES

• IT EMPTIES SPERM INTO THE RETE TESTIS

SPERM TRAVELS FROM RETE TESTIS TO THE EPIDIDYMIS

Interstitial Cells

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

THESE ARE CELLS IN THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES THAT PRODUCE ANDROGENS SUCH AS TESTOSTERONE.

Epididymis

DUCT SYSTEM

IT IS A HIGHLY CONVOLUTED TUBE 6M (20FT) LONG

• FOUND ALONG THE POSTERIOR LATERAL SIDE OF THE TESTIES

• IT IS THE FIRST PART OF MALE DUCT SYSTEM

• TEMPORARY STORAGE FOR IMMATURE SPERM

• SPERM MATURE AS THEY JOURNEY THROUGH THE EPIDYMIS

• DURING EJACULATION, SPERM ARE PROPELLED INTO THE DUCTUS DEFERENS

Ductus (vas) deferens

DUCT SYSTEM

IT RUNS FROM THE EPIDIDYMIS VIA SPERMATIC CORD THRU THE INGUINAL CANAL & ARCHES OVER THE URINARY BLADDER.

• INCLUDES AMPULLA, EJACULATORY DUCT

• MOVES SPERM BY PERISTALSIS INTO URETHRA

Ampulla

DUCT SYSTEM

IT IS THE END OF THE DUCTUS DEFERENS, WHICH EMPTIES INTO THE EJACULATORY DUCT.

Ejaculatory Duct

DUCT SYSTEM

THIS PASSES THROUGH THE PROTATE TO MERGE WITH THE URETHRA.

Ejaculation

DUCT SYSTEM

THESE ARE THE SMOOTH MUSCLE IN THE WALLS OF THE DUCTUS DEFERENSE, WHICH CREATE PERISTALTIC WAVES TO SQUEEZE THE SPERM FORWARD.

• CAUSES THE INTERNAL URETHRA SHINCTER TO CLOSE

  • PREVENTS URINE FROM PASSING TO THE URETHRA.

  • PREVENTS SPERM FROM ENTERING URINARY BLADDER.

Vasectomy

DUCT SYSTEM

IT IS THE CUTTING OF DUCTUS DEFERENS AT THE LEVEL OF TESTES PREVENTS TRANSPORTATION OF SPERM (A form of birth control)

Urethra

DUCT SYSTEM

IT EXTENDS FROM THE BASE OF THE URINARY BLADDER TO THE TIP OF THE PENIS

• IT CARRIES BOTH URINE AND SPERM

• SPERM ENTERS FROM THE EJACULATORY DUCT

Prostatic Urethra

DUCT SYSTEM

A URETHRA REGION, THAT IS SURROUNDED BY PROSTATE GLAND

Membranous Urethra

DUCT SYSTEM

A URETHRA REGION, PROSTATIC URETHRE TO PENIS

Spongy (penile) urethra

DUCT SYSTEM

IT RUNS THE LENGTH OF THE PENIS TO THE EXTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE

Seminal Vesicles

ACCESSORY GLANDS AND SEMEN

THIS IS LOCATED AT THE BASE OF THE BLADDER.

• PRODUCES A THICK, YELLOWISH SECRETION (60% SEMEN) THAT CONTAINS:

  1. Fructose

  2. Vitamin C

  3. Prostaglandis

  4. Other substances that nourish & activate sperm

• THE DUCT OF EACH JOINS THAT OF DUCTUS DEFERENS ON EACH SIDE TO FORM EJACULATORY DUCT

Prostate Gland

ACCESSORY GLANDS AND SEMEN

THIS ENCIRCLES THE UPPER (PROSTATIC) PART OF THE URETHRA.

• SECRETS A MILKY FLUID

• THIS FLUID ENTERS THE URETHRA THRU SEVERAL SMALL DUCTS

Bulbourethral Glands

ACCESSORY GLANDS AND SEMEN

PEA SIZED GLANDS, INFERIOR TO THE PROSTATE.

• IT PRODUCES A THICK, CLEAR MUCUS

  • MUCUS CLEANS THE SPONGY URETHRA OF ACIDIC URINE PRIOR TO EJACULATION

  • MUCUS SERVES AS A LUBRICANT DURING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE

Semen

ACCESSORY GLANDS AND SEMEN

IT IS THE MILKY WHITE MIXTURE OF SPERM AND ACCESSORY GLAND SECRETIONS.

1. Components

   • LIQUID PORTION - TRANSPORT MEDIUM TO DILUTE SPERM

   • SPERM - STREAMLINED CELLULAR TADPOLES

   • FRUCTOSE - PROVIDES ENERGY FOR SPERM CELLS

   • ALKALINITY OF SEMEN HELPS NEUTRALIZE HE ACIDIC ENV. OF VAGINA

   • SEMEN INHIBITS BACTERIA

Scrotum

EXTERNAL GENITALIA

IT IS THE DIVIDED SAC OF SKIN OUTSIDE THE ABDOMEN THAT HOUSES THE TETES.

• HAS VIABLE SPERM THAT CANNOT BE PRODUCED AT NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE

• MAINTAINS TESTES AT 3*C LOWER THAN NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE.

Penis

EXTERNAL GENITALIA

IT IS THE MALE ORGAN OF COPULATION THAT DELIVERS SPERM INTO THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT.

1. Regions of the penis

   • SHAFT

   • GLANDS PENIS (Enlarged tip)

   • PREPUCE (FORESKIN)

• INTERNALLY (3) AREAS OF SPONGY ERECTILE TISSUE AROUND URETHRA

• ERECTIONS OCCUR WHEN THIS ERECTILE TISSUE FILLS WITH BLOOD DURING SEXUAL EXCITEMENT

Prepuce

EXTERNAL GENITALIA

IT IS THE FOLDED CUFF OF SKIN AROUND PROXIMAL END

• IT IS OFTEN REMOVED BY CIRCUMCISION.