Infectious - midterm practice test 2 - L

What percent of common colds are caused by Coronaviruses?

10%

30%

40%

20%

20%

Which of the following is a characteristic of Antigenic Shift only? 

	Creation of new HA or NA proteins
	Small antigenic marker changes
	Allows for possible re-infection
	Reason for flu epidemics

Creation of new HA or NA proteins

What family do infleunza viruses belong to?

	Hepadnaviridae
	Flaviviridae
	Paramyxoviridae
	Orthomyxoviridae

Orthomyxoviridae

What common cold viral group is more likely to trigger severe consolidation in elderly and immunocompromised?

	Parainfluenza
	Coronavirus
	Rhinovirus
	RSV

RSV

What acid does hemagglutinin and neuraminidase interact with?

	Sialic Acid
	Aspartic Acid
	Glutamic Acid
	Teichoic Acid

Sialic Acid

Why do we get multiple colds over the typical lifespan of a person?

	Antigenic Drift and Antigenic Shift
	No Adaptive Immune Response to cold viruses
	Location of where the virus implants in the body
	Multiple Unrelated Viral Families and Strains

Multiple Unrelated Viral Families and Strains

Which of the following bacterial lung infections is most likely going to start as interstitial pneumonia?

	HiB
	Strep pneumonia
	Staph. aureus
	Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma

Most pneumonia cases are preceded by?

	Inability to Properly Warm Air
	Aspiration of Fluids
	Upper Respiratory Infections
	History of Smoking or Alcoholism

Upper Respiratory Infections 

Exposure to influenza viruses results in Full Strain Specific Immunity and Possible Partial Immunity. 

True

False

True

On X-ray laryngotracheobronchitis often presents what is referred to as the?

	Infiltrates
	Cross Effect
	Steeple Effect
	Brodie Sign

Steeple effect

Which of the following serve as a virulence factor for Strep pneumoniae?

	Capsule
	Hemolytic Exotoxin
	Leukocidin
	M-Protein

Capsule

What might be seen on a x-ray with latent TB?

	Cording
	Ghon Foci
	Ranke Complexes
	Ghon Complexes

Ghon Foci

You will test negative on the mantoux test if you have latent TB.

		True
		False

False

What triggers red hepatization in lobar pneumonia? 

	Macrophage invasion into lung tissue
	Extravasation of RBCs
	Vascular engorgement
	Build up of cellular debris from infection

Extravasation of RBCs

TB infections primarily take the form of?

	Meningitic TB
	Abdominal TB
	Miliary TB
	Pulmonary TB

Pulmonary TB

Strep pneumoniae is considered to be a problem primarily for?

	Only those under 2 years of age
	For all age groups
	Only those over 65 years of age
	Those under 2years of age or over 65 years of age

Those under 2years of age or over 65 years of age

What are the most common sero-groups for Neisseria meningitidis in the United States?

	B and C
	A, B, and C
	X, Y and Z
	A

B and C

On a mantoux skin test a 5 millimeter induration would positive for anyone.

		True
		False

False

Which of the following is not passed by the respiratory droplet route?

	Klebsiella pneumoniae
	Neisseria meningitidis
	Strep pyogenes
	Staph aureus

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Which of the following patients would be more likely to come down with Legionella instead of Pontiac fever?

	Five year old child
	65 year old man suffering from COPD
	Seventy year old marathon runner
	Lifewest student

65 year old man suffering from COPD

The pustules in a pox virus rash resolve by scabbing over and then falling off.

		True
		False

True

Scarring is rarely a issue with Pox virus rashes.

		True
		False

False

What age category is most likely to have severe symptoms from coronavirus?

	Above 80
	Under 5
	50 to 60
	Under 40

Above 80

During COVID-19 what percent of cases were severe? 

	90%
	4.7%
	13.8%
	1.5%

13.8%

Where does the small pox rash first appear?

	On the tongue and in the mouth
	At the point of contact on the body
	At the hairline of the face
	On the trunk of the body

On the tongue and mouth

Ebola and ________ are now classified as the same viral grouping.

	MPOX
	Marburgvirus
	Corona
	Measles

Marburgvirus

Which of the following is the final fluid filled stage of both the MPOX and small pox rash?

	Macule
	Vesicle
	Papule
	Pustule

Pustule

Orthoebolavirus virus is easy to classify by symptoms in the Dry Stage.

		True
		False

False

Small Pox can still be found in remote parts of the world.

		True
		False

False

What family does the Orthoebolavirus belong to?

	Paramyxoviridae
	Poxviridae
	Rhaboviridae
	Filoviridae

Filoviridae

Which of the following is a characteristic of Strep sanguis?

	Lacks a capsule
	Optochin sensitive
	Motile
	Bile solubl

Lacks a capsule

Osler's nodes is associated with?

	Endocarditis
	Osteomyelitis
	Deep Vein Thrombosis
	Strep Throat

Endocarditis

What region of the body is Staph aureus most commonly seen as a natural flora?

	Lower Intestine
	Vaginal Area
	Nasal Cavity
	Throat

Nasal cavity

What do vitronectin and fibronectin prevent?

	Ig interaction
	Lysozyme function
	Flushing from the body
	Compliment bindin

Flushing from the body

Staph aureus food poisonings typically have a onset of under 24 hours due to the toxin being the main component.

		True
		False

True

Which of the following tests would allow you to differentiate between Staph aureus and Staph epidermidis?

	Coagulase
	Oxidase
	Catalase
	Gram Stain

Coagulase

In Staph aureus the alpha toxin is the main reason the organism is beta hemolytic.

		True
		False

True

Ecthyma gangrenosum is more commonly caused by pseudomonades than Strep or Staph. 

		True
		False

True

Brodie sign is associated with Staph aureus infection of the?

	Throat
	Bone
	Nasal Cavity
	Skin

Bone

All cocci shaped bacteria tend to be non-motile.

		True
		False

True

What is the most common respiratory based fungi?

	Aspergillus
	Cryptococcus
	Histoplasma
	Coccidiodies

Aspergillus

Which of the following are associat3ed heavily with bat and bird droppings?

	Histoplasma
	Aspergillus
	Cryptococcus
	Coccidiodie

Histoplasma

Cryptococcus is found where in the United States?

	South West
	North West
	East coast
	West coast

West coast

Which of the following often results in a recurrent infection?

	Sporotrichosis
	Blastomyces
	Candida
	Pneumocystis

Candida

Cryptococcus has a acute onset and resolution for most patients.

		True
		False

True

Most candida infections are overgrowths of natural flora.

		True
		False

True

The majority of fungal infections are non-communicable.

		True
		False

True

Which of the following fungal infections can trigger a reddish brown splotchy rash?

	Coccidiodes
	Aspergillus
	Histoplasma
	Cryptococcu

Coccidiodes

What region of the United States is Coccidiodes found?

	South Western
	Western
	North Western
	Southern

South Western

Which of the following has the complication that it can easily disseminate out of the lungs and into multiple other tissues of the body?

	Blastomyces
	Candida
	Cryptococcus
	Aspergillus

Blastomyces