ARCC BU REVIEWER PART 4 (Elevator and Escalator Systems)

From recorded lecture video (2024)

Elevator

A mechanical installation for lifting of passengers or goods from one level in a building to another

Traction-type elevator

Type of elevator that utilizes a winding drum machine to operate

Electric traction

Type of traction-type elevator that is driven by electric motor located at a mechanical room at the topmost floor; most preferred for prioritizing speed and height

Hydraulic traction

Type of traction-type elevator that is driven by oil-power, with its mechanism located at the ground floor of a building; preferred in multistory residential, commercial, and other low rise structures

Drum-type elevator

Type of elevator that utilizes a winding drum machine located on the ground floor of a building to operate

Six floors

Maximum number of storeys that can be accommodated by a hydraulic elevator

Geared traction machine

Type of elevator traction machine that has a gear box, usually used where speed is not of concern

Gearless traction machine

Type of elevator traction machine that is characterized by a brake wheel, typically used for prioritizing speed in high-rise buildings

Machine-room less (MRL)

Type of elevator that has no need for a machine room at its topmost floor, rather a 0.60 meter space above is required, assuming the building has a typical 3-meter floor to floor height

Car buffer

The height of the pit is dictated by this mechanism; with elevators having higher speeds needing higher pits

Three, two

Minimum number of hoisting ropes shall be ____ for traction elevators, and ___ for drum elevators.

30 mm

Minimum diameter of hoisting and counterweight ropes (Rule 13, PD1096)

4 cars

Rule of thumb: The maximum number of cars that can be placed side by side in an elevator system is:

2 cars

According to the International Building Code, the maximum number of cars that can be placed inside a single shaft is:

Dumbwaiter

A hoisting and lowering mechanism equipped with a car used exclusively for carrying materials

Hydraulic elevator

This type of elevator is used for freight elevators, or any elevators that carries heavier loads (e.g. bed lifts)

Escalator

Moving staircase used as a means of automated vertical circulation. in which treads fixed to a circulating belt move up or down in the plane of the stair; preferred transportation system when heavy traffic volume is expected between floors

90-120 ft/min

Usual range of operating speeds in an escalator system

30 degrees and 35 degrees

Slope of escalator utilized in countries excluding the United States (which only uses 30 degrees)

Parallel

Type of escalator arrangement preferred in airports and other mass transit buildings, prioritizing speed of conveying traffic

Cross-over

Type of escalator arrangement preferred in offices and schools, where users need a short travel time between escalators

Walk-around

Type of escalator arrangement preferred in malls, casinos, and shopping centers, where users need to walk around the escalator system to travel between floors

Travelator

A type of passenger-carrying service on which passengers stand or walk, with its surface remaining parallel to its direction of motion and is uninterrupted

60 cm, 80 cm, 100 cm (1 meter)

Width of escalator space needed to accommodate (a) one adult person, (b) one adult with child side-by-side, and (c) two adults side-by-side