Psychology- final exam

Kolberg

Conventional

Kolberg

Conventional

3. laws and rules

4. Social Consequences (appearances)

Kolberg

Post Conventional

5. Social Contract (cultural)

6. Universal Ethical Principals (life)

descriptive research

marketing research to better describe marketing problems, situations, or markets, such as the market potential for a product or the demographics and attitudes of consumers

Temperament types

Difficult

Does not adjust to change.

Psychology

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Subfields of psychology

Biological Psychology

Physical and chemical changes that impact human functioning

Subfields of psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Thinking, thought processes, decision-making, reasoning.

Subfields of psychology

developmental psychology

Changes that occur from conception to death.

Subfields of psychology

Community

Prevention

Subfields of psychology

Industrial/organizational

Work (employee, manager)

3 parts of personality

1. ID (Libido)

Impulsive (pleasure principle)

3 parts of personality

2. EGO

Aware of consequences (reality principle)

3 parts of personality

3. Super Ego

Values (morals)

E. Erikson

psychology stages of development (crises resolution)

Empirical Research

Information gained from observation and measurements

Subfields of psychology

Personality Psychology

Individuals patterns of thinking feeling and behaving.

critical thinking

Evaluating, comparing, analyzing, critiquing, and synthesizing.

Trust v.s. Mistrust (Erikson)

Needs= fed, nurturing (0-1yrs)

Autonomy v.s. Shame and Doubt

Needs= Independence (1-3yrs)

Industry v.s. Inferority

needs= task competition (6-11yrs)

Initiative v.s. Guilt

Needs= new tasks (3-5yrs)

Intimacy v.s. Isolation

Needs= open/Honest relationships

Generativity v.s. Stagnation

needs= to produce (middle adulthood, to produce)

Integrity v.s. Despair

Needs= is happy with choices made, resolved issues. (late adulthood)

Stages of Cognitive Development

2. Preoperational Stage

• before cognitive understanding

• Animism= thinking that in animate objects have human characteristics.

Schemas

Mental Frame Works

Learning

Change in behavior that a result from past experiences. (consider somewhat permanent)

Temperament types

Slow to warm up to

Takes time to adjust to change and establish routines.

Subfields of psychology

social psychology

Relationships interactions (married,2 groups)

History

Freud

Subconscious/unconscious

Subfields of psychology

Positive Psychology

love, happiness, creativity, well-being, self- confidence, and achievement

Processes of Organizations

Assimilations A task in new information which fits easily.

A task in new information which fits easily.

Processes of Organizations

Accommodation

Old information is changed and rearranged in order to make room for new information.

Stages of Cognitive Development

1. Sepsorimotor Stage

objects permanence, understanding that objects exist.

Kolberg

moral reasoning development

Kolberg

Preconventional

1. avoiding punishment (authority figures)

2. Equal Distrubution

DSM stands for

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Classical Conditioning

Unconditioned stimulus/ a stimulus that responds to natural elicits.

Trait Approach

Personality involves focusing on optimism reservation and being friendly.

Experiment Research

one variable causes an effect on another variable.

Temperament Types

EASY

Adjust to change and establish routines easily.

Disorders

mood, delusional, and schizophrenia sometimes have psychotic symptoms such as delusions, and hallucinations associated with them.

Triangle Self Actualization

number 5

Triangle Self Esteem

number 4

Triangle Love and belonging

number 3

Triangle saftey

number 2

Triangle Physical Logical

Number 1