Test Review

Lone Parent Family

 One parent and one or more children.

Nuclear Family

 Two parents and one or more children living together.

Intact Family

 Two parents and their biological or adopted children, all living together.

Same-Sex Family

Couple of the same sex (married or common-law).

Common-Law Family

Couples who live together but are not legally married.

Extended Family

 Parents, children, aunts, uncles, grandparents, and other relatives living together.

Modified Extended Family

Relatives who don’t live together but visit, phone, and support each other.

Skip-Generation Family

Grandparents and children live together, but parents are absent.

Blended or Step Family

 Parents with children from previous marriages who form a new family together.

Simple Step Family

A family where children belong to one parent and that parent has a new partner, without children born of this new relationship.

Complex Step Family

One or both parents with children from previous relationships, plus children from the new union.

Monogamy

 One legal spouse at a time.

Serial Monogamy

Marrying, divorcing, or remarrying multiple times in life.

Polygamy

Having more than one spouse.

Polygyny

• More than one wife.

Polyandry

• More than one husband.

Free-Choice Marriage

Marriage based on personal choice.

Arranged Marriage

1. Marriage arranged by families for social, financial, or inheritance reasons, often more stable.

Currency

The timeline of information when evaluating its validity.

• Significance: In rapidly changing fields (like technology, science, or current events), it's important to use up-to-date information. Old sources may be outdated, irrelevant, or incorrect due to new developments.

Relevance

The importance of information and its relation to a specific topic.

• Significance: Even if a source is credible, if it doesn't address your topic directly, it's not helpful. It's important to assess whether the source’s content answers your specific research question or adds value to your work.

Authority

The credibility and reliability of the source of information.

• Significance: Sources written by experts or credible organizations (universities, government agencies, reputable publishers) are more reliable. Checking the author's credentials helps you assess the source's trustworthiness.

Accuracy

The correctness and truthfulness of the content presented.

• Significance: You want to ensure that the information is supported by evidence, cites reputable sources, and is free of errors or biases. Inaccurate or misleading information can undermine your research.

Purpose

Why the information exists

• Significance: Understanding the purpose behind a source helps you identify potential biases. Is the source trying to inform, persuade, entertain, or sell something? A source with a clear agenda may not present the information objectively.

Functionalism

Society functions smoothly when individuals fill their prescribed roles in the family for the benefit of society.

Status

A specific social position within a group.

Role

Expected behaviors associated with a particular status.

Systems Theory

Families are interconnected; changes in one member affect the whole system. Includes subsystems like marital, parental, and sibling roles.

Subsystems

Divisions within the family system such as marital, parental, and sibling dynamics.

Feedback

Communication among family members regarding behaviors and expectations.

Genogram

A diagram representing family relationships and medical history.

Symbolic Interactionism

A theory focusing on how individuals interact based on societal interpretations.

Roles

Behavioral expectations that change according to context and social interaction.

Social Exchange Theory

The idea that individuals make choices based on perceived costs and benefits.

Life Course Approach

A developmental perspective that examines various influences across life stages.

Erikson’s Stages

A framework outlining psychosocial developmental milestones throughout life.

Conflict Theory

A perspective focusing on power dynamics and inequalities leading to societal conflict.

Karl Marx

Theorist who emphasized the impact of economic power on societal control.

Friedrich Engels

A theorist who analyzed the inequality created by the division of labor in marriage.

Feminist Theory

A perspective exploring gender roles and inequalities in familial structures.

Liberal Feminism

A branch of feminism advocating for equal opportunities and challenging gender norms.

Marxist Feminism

A theory connecting women’s subordination to capitalism.

Radical Feminism

A movement seeking to eliminate patriarchal structures.

Difference Feminism

A perspective that advocates for positive recognition of non-traditional roles.

Ecological Perspective

Analyzes how various environmental systems shape individual behaviors.

Micro System

The immediate environment affecting an individual's daily life.

Mesosystem

Interactions between different micro systems affecting an individual.

Exosystem

Indirect influences on an individual, such as a parent's workplace.

Macro System

Broader cultural and societal values that impact individuals and families.

Chronosystem

The dimension of time affecting life transitions and events.

Socialization of Children

The process of teaching children societal norms and values.

Addition of New Members

The family function encompassing reproduction and adoption.

Physical Maintenance and Care of Group Members

Family responsibility for the well-being and care of its members.

Social Control of Members

The family's role in maintaining order and ensuring behavior complies with norms.

Production, Consumption, and Distribution of Goods and Services

Economic contributions made by families for stability and sustenance.

Love (Affective Nurturance)

The emotional nourishment that promotes deep interpersonal relationships.

Hordes

Possibly the first human family groupings, composed of loose associations.

Hunter-Gatherers

The primary subsistence mode for most of human history, characterized by foraging.

Agricultural Families

Family structures that arose with farming, leading to larger households.

Pre-Industrial Families

Families engaged in traditional roles before industrialization transformed labor.

Urban Industrial Families

Family structures adapted to the economic conditions of urban industrial society.

Contemporary Families

Modern family forms influenced by social and legal changes in the latter 20th century.

Transitional Families

Families where one parent temporarily leaves the workforce for childcare.

Dual-Income Families

Households in which both parents work full-time.

Childless Couples

Couples choosing to have fewer or no children.

Blended Families

Families formed through remarriage that include children from previous relationships.

Same-Sex Families

Family units where the parents are of the same sex.

Primary Sources

Original materials providing direct evidence or first-hand accounts.

Participant Observation

A research method involving the researcher observing subjects in a natural setting.

Focus Groups

Discussions among a group of people guided by a researcher to collect insights.

Case Studies

Detailed examinations of specific events or individuals for research purposes.

Original Documents

First-hand records such as letters, photographs, or official documents.

Secondary Sources

Materials that interpret or analyze primary sources.

Journal Articles and Literature Reviews

Summaries and analyses that evaluate current research and information.

Types of Academic Journals

Peer-reviewed publications that provide expert analysis on scholarly topics.