child development

associate degree

A degree granted after a two year course of study especially by a community or junior college

Bachelors degree

A degree awarded by a college or university to a person who has completed undergraduate studies

Child development

The sequence of physical,language,thought and emotional changes that occur in a child from birth to the beginning of adulthood

Community support

Careers that help the community in general or specific groups within the community

Credentials

Qualifications from previous achievements,training,and general background that indicate a person is capable of doing a specific kind of work

Education

Careers in teaching,instruction and training;administration;research;academic and student support services

Entry level

A job that requires minimal education, training, and experience

Intervention

Careers that assist children with special education and social adjustment needs in classrooms and other settings

Masters degree

A degree that is given to a student by a college or university usually after one or two years of additional study following a bachelors degree

Medical

Careers that focus on a specialized body of knowledge of medicine that is used to help people

Career and college readiness skills

The knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to be successful in postsecondary education and/or training that lead to gainful employment

Fall leadership meeting

North Carolina FCCLA hosted events where students increase their knowledge of FCCLA programs and events

FCCLA

Family, Career, and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA) offers programs, contests, scholarships, and opportunities for members to develop real world skills, become college- and career- ready, and make a difference in families, careers and communities

National Programs

FCCLA offers eight peer-to-peer educational programs to help students develop real-world skills for life within Family and Consumer Sciences education

Star events

Students taking action with recognition (STAR), are competitive events at the state and national level; students are recognized for their proficiency and achievement in chapter and individual projects, leadership skills, and career preparation

State leadership conference

Leadership conference held yearly in North Carolina, where affiliated FCCLA chapter members can compete in STAR events,network and attend sessions and workshops

Adaptability

Demontrate agility in thought process and problem-solving, accept feedback, praise, setbacks and criticism

Collaboration

Contribute and respond to diverse perspectives to achieve a common goal and to leverage strengths to resolve conflict and foster teamwork

Communication

Articulate thoughts and idea effectively using oral, written and nonverbal communication skills

Critical thinking

The ability to analyze, assess, and recognize personal though process and apply thinking that is clear, rational, and evidence based

Empathy

Demonstrate understanding, sensitivity, concern, and respect, share in others feeling, opinions, and experiences through personal and digital connections

Learners mindset

Possess an ongoing desire to learn, unlearn, and relearn, embrace curiosity to experience new ideas, demonstrate growth. And persist through challenges

Personal responsibility

Adhere to a set of core values that are evident in choices and actions, earn trust and respect through honest, principled behavior

Apprenticeship

An arrangement in which someone learns an art, trade, or job from the direction of another; combines paid on-the-job training with classroom instruction to prepare workers for highly skilled careers

Cover letter

A one page document sent with a resume to provide additional information about skills and experiences related to the job

Internship

The work done by a student or trainee in an organization, sometimes without pay, to gain work experience or satisfy requirements for a qualification

Interview

A structured conversation between a job applicant and a representative of an employer which is conducted to assess whether the applicant should be hired

Job shadowing

A short-term educational experience that introduces a student to a specific career by paring the student with an employee of a business; the student “shadows” the employee to learn about the duties associated with that occupation

Pre-apprenticeship

A program designed to prepare individuals to enter and succeed in a registered apprenticeship program; students must be 16 years old and be taking a course that aligns to the pre apprenticeship pathway

Resume

A formal document created and used to display a persons background, skills, and accomplishments as they relate to a job

Adoption

The action or fact of legally taking another’s child and bringing it up as one’s own, or the fact of being adopted

Amniotic fluid

The fluid surrounding a fetus within the amniotic sac

Artificial insemination

The medical procedure of injecting semen into the vagina or unless

Cervix

The lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina

Conception

The joining of a sperm and egg, also known as fertilization

Fallopian tubes

A pair of tubes through which female eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus

Fetus

A developing human from usually two months after conception to birth

Full-term pregnancy

When a baby born between 39 weeks, 0 days and 40 weeks, 6 days

Genetic counseling

The processing of reviewing blood work to look at the genetics of individuals and families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders to help them understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions to disease

Glucose

A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates

Glucose screening

Test that measures the level of glucose in a pregnant woman’s body requiring her to fast and drink a special sugar mixture and have her blood drawn an hour later; used to determine risk of gestational diabetes

Group b strep

An infection caused by a common bacterium (group b streptococcus); found in women in vagina, usually harmless in adults but potentially dangerous in newborns if passed to baby during delivery; producing symptoms such as fever, trouble feeding, and lethargy

HCG hormone

A hormone found in women’s blood and urine throughout pregnancy, and detectable in the blood shortly after implantation of the embryo in the uterus (roughly three weeks into a four-week menstrual cycle); increasing levels of HCG tell the body that it is pregnant, putting the womb to work creating a safe home for the baby to grow in

In Vitro Fertilization

A medical procedure whereby an egg is fertilized by sperm in a test tube or elsewhere outside the body

Infertility

Not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex

Lanugo

Fine, soft hair, especially that which covers the body and limbs of a human fetus or newborn

Maternal-Fetal Care Doctor

Doctor of obstetrics who has three additional years of training in helping women through high-risk pregnancies

Menstruation

The process in a women of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about a month

Morning sickness

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy; potentially occurring at any time of day and common during the first trimester

Ovary

The female reproductive organ in which eggs are produced

Ovulation

The process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary

Ovum

A single cell released from the female reproductive organ (ovaries), which is capable of developing into a new organism when fertilized with a sperm cell

Placenta

The organ that develops/attaches in a Woman’s uterus during pregnancy, provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing baby, and removes waste products from baby’s blood

Prenatal Cell Free DNA (cfDNA)

Noninvasive screening, maternal blood sample to collect DNA, to check for certain chromosomal abnormalities (Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, Trisomy 13, Trisomy 21)

Prenatal Development

The process of growth and development within the womb from fertilization to delivery

Screening prenatal test

Testing that can identify whether a baby is more or less likely to have certain birth defects, many of which are genetic disorders

Surrogacy

The act of giving birth by a woman who bears a child on behalf of another person or couple, typically by artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization

Trimester

One of the three divisions of three months each during pregnancy, in which different phases of fetal development take place

Ultrasound

A procedure that uses high-energy sound waves for viewing inside the body, by making echoes that form pictures of the tissues and organs on a computer screen (sonogram)

Umbilical cord

A ropelike structure that connects a developing embryo or fetus to the placenta

Uterus

A hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman’s pelvis, where a fetus develops and grows

Vernix Caseosa

A white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of a baby during the last trimester of pregnancy

Viability

The ability of a human fetus to survive outside the uterus

Folate

A B vitamin (found in dark leafy greens, oranges, nuts, beans, and peas) that the body need to make DNA and other genetic material, and to help cells divide

Folic acid

A synthetic form of folate that is added to fortify foods

Gestational diabetes

A type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who do not already have insulin during pregnancy

High blood pressure

Hypertension, when a pregnant woman has a blood pressure reading that is 140/90 or higher on two different occasions; can cause problems for mother and baby

Insulin

A hormone made by your pancreas that acts like a key to let blood sugar into the cells in your body for use as energy

Listeriosis

Serious infection usually caused by eating food contaminated with listeria bacteria (most commonly found in improperly processed deli meats and unpasteurized milk products); can be fatal to unborn babies

Miscarriage

A sudden loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week of pregnancy

Placenta previa

A problem during pregnancy when the placenta completely or partially covers the cervix; attaching to the lower part of the uterus can result in bleeding during pregnancy and can require the baby to be delivered by cesarean section

Preeclampsia

Persistent high blood pressure that develops during pregnancy or the postpartum period and is associated with high levels or protein in the urine that indicates kidney damage, or other signs of organ damage; usually begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy

Preterm labor

Labor occurring between 20 weeks and 37 weeks gestation

Soft cheese

Made without pressing the curd to squeeze out the whey, or milk liquids, resulting in a cheese with higher moisture content; unpasteurized soft cheese is dangerous during pregnancy

Stillbirth

The loss of a baby after 20 weeks of pregnancy or during delivery

Unpasteurized

Food sold in its raw form without having been exposed to high temperature, which kill harmful microbes

Autosomal Dominant Genetic Disorder

A pattern or inheritance characteristics of some genetic disorders; the gene is located on one of the numbered chromosomes; a single copy of the mutated gene is enough to cause the disorder

Autosomal Recessive Genetic Disorder

A pattern or inheritance characteristics of some genetic disorders; the gene is located in one of the numbered Chromosomes; two copies (one from each parent) of the mutated gene are required to cause the disorder

Cerebral palsy

Impaired muscle coordination and/or other disabilities, typically caused to the brain before or after birth

Chromosome

A threadlike structure found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes

Chromosomal Genetic Disorders

A type of genetic disorder that develops because of a change (mutation) in one of more gene; typically missing or duplicated chromosome material

Cleft lip/cleft palate

A gap in upper lip or palate; caused by hereditary or environmental factors or both

Color blindness

A genetic disorder where a person has a reduced ability to distinguish between colors when compared to the standard for normal human color vision; usually affects only males

Congenital Heart Defects

Are present at birth and can affect the structure of a baby’s heart and the way it works

Cystic fibrosis

A genetic disorder resulting in the secretion of thick mucus that blocks internal passages, including those of the lungs, causing respiratory infections; also affects true pancreas, resulting in a deficiency of digestive enzymes and impaired nutrition

Dominant gene

The stronger gene that expresses a trait that first appears or is visibly expressed in the organism as a domain trait

Down syndrome/Trisomy 21

A genetic disorder characterized by a brisk skull, blunt facial features, short stature and learning difficulties; caused by the presence of an extra chromosome

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A genetic disorder that results in the progressive weakness and shrinking of the muscles; most commonly transmitted genetically by female carriers, but usually affects only males

Environmental Influences

Things and people in a persons surroundings (e.g, mothers health,family, Friends, home, community, toxins, and life experiences)

Fetal alcohol Syndrome

Condition in a child that results from alcohol exposure during the mothers pregnancy and characterized by restriction of mental development and of physical development, particularly if the skull and face

Fraternal twins

Dizygotic twins, which result from the fertilization of two separate eggs during the same pregnancy, so the twins share half of their genes, just like any other siblings, and may be the same or different sexes

Gene

The basic physical and functional unit of hereditary, which grade genes being made up of DNA

Genetic

Relating to genes or hereditary

Hereditary influences

All traits passed down from one generation to the next (e.g,eye,skin,and hair color)

Identical twins

Monozygotic twins, which result from the fertilization of a single egg that splits in two,so the twins share all the same genes and are always of the same sex

Infectious disease

A disorder caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites

inherited

Derived genetically from one’s parents or ancestors

Multiple births

Binging birth or more than one child at a time

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

A genetic disorder in which body is unable to process and use a specific protein that is present in nearly all foods

Psychoactive substances

Drugs or other substance that affects how the brain works and cause changed in mood, awareness, thoughts, feelings, or behavior