Unit 0- Honors Biology

Independent Variable

What has changed?

Dependent Variable

What is measured?

Control Group

What group is used for comparison?

Constants

What stays the same?

objective data

data is fact-based, measurable, and observable

subjective data

data is based on opinions, points of view, or emotional judgment.

quantitative data

measurements gather numerical data

Qualitative data

measurements describe a quality, rather than a numerical value.

Line graph

the best type of graph to use when you are displaying a change in something over a continuous range

bar graph

used to compare measurements between different groups/categories

scatter plots

used to evaluate the relationship between two different continuous variables

Pie/circle graphs:

Used to show parts of a whole.

parts of a graph

title, independent variable, dependent variable, scales for each variable, legend/key

mean

This is determined by adding all the numbers in a set of data and then dividing by the

number of values.

Extrapolate

extending the graph, along the same slope, above or below measured data.

Interpolate

predicting data between two measured points on the graph

observation

Step1: what you see happening

question

step 2: create a question based on the observation

hypothosis

step 3: predict

purpose

step 4: learn new things, collect new data, answer a ?

experiment

step 5: Test hypothesis and record data

Controlled experiment

Changes one variable

Analyze/Conclude

final step: Based on the results….the hypothesis was/was not accurate.

metric ruler

centimeters

beaker

milliliters

triple beam balance

grams

clock with second hand

minutes/seconds

graduated cylinder

liters

thermometer

celsius

significance

number of digits thought to be correct by the person doing the measuring

Metric system

• m, l, g

  • Based on units of tens

percent error

actual-estimated divided by actual

mean

average

median

middle value in a data set listed in order

Standard deviation

• measures how spread out the data points are from the mean

claim

 single, clear statement that directly answers the scientific question. (avoid “I think” or “I believe”)

evidence

he data, facts, or observations that support your claim

reasoning

where you connect your evidence to your claim and explain the science principles that make it all make sense