Anatomy Lec 3

USC DDS Tri 3 SUM-2025

Cranial neural Crest Cells:

What are they, origination, migrate where

group of cells that originate from ectoderm then migrate into mesenchyme

why are neural crest cells called ectomesenchyme cells?

bc they originate in ectorderm and then go and reside in the mesenchyme

the mental foramen is always located below the ___ & _______ ________ this is important bc…

1st and second bicuspid, nerve and blood vessels exit the mental foramen

What nerve innervates the 1st pharyngeal arch?

CN V

What structures is the 1st pharyngeal arch make?

max + mand

muscles of mastication

mylohyoid

anterior belly of digastric

tensors

what does CN V innervate?

max + mand

muscles of mastication

mylohyoid

anterior belly of digastric

tensors

What nerve innervates the second pharyngeal arch

CN VII

what structures are included in the second pharyngeal arch

muscles of facial expression

staepidus + Stylohyoid

Posterior belly of digastric

what nerve innervates the third pharyngeal arch?

CN IX

What strucures are included in arch of CN IX

stylopharyngeus

4th/6th pharyngeal arch structures included

cricothyroid

levator

constrictor of pharynx

larynx muxcles

esophagus muscles

what nerves innervate 4/6 pharyngeal arch

superior laryngeal branch of Vagus nerve (X)

Recurrent Laryngeal branch of vagus nerve X

anterior 2/3 of tongue is derived from what arch

1st pharyngeal

Infraorbital Foramen

Canine Eminence

What is the fancy name for ur chin?

mental protuberance

on the mylohyoid line we will find attachment of

mylohyoid muscle

What nerve exits/enters mandibular foramen

Lingual nerve

Sensory innervation of the face is by

CN V Trigem nerve

By sensory info we mean

ppicks up general info such as touch, pain, temp, and takes it to brain

V1 includes

Bridge of nose, Eyes, and up

What is another name for V1

opthalmic

V2 includes

nostrils + upper lip, + middle region of face

v2 is also called

maxillary nerve

V3 referred to as

mandibular

V3 includes

lower lip + Mandibular region

Yellow=CN V ganglia

Red=V1 opthalmic

BLue=V2 maxillary

Green=V3 mandibular

V1 exits the skull at what opening

Supraorbital Foramen/Notch

In the supraorbital Foramen what else can we find,

derived from…

Supraorbital nerve, artety, and vein

derived from frontal nerve + superior opthalmic artery & Vein

V2 exits skull from

and includes what

infraorbital foramen

infraorbital nerve, artery and vein

V3 exits skull from

and includes

derived from…

Mental Foramen

mental nerve, artery and vein (from inferior alveolar nerve)

What are the muscles of mastication, what are the associated muscles around the mouth,

and what nerve innervates all of these

Muscles of mastication:

temporalis

masseter

medial pterygoid

lateral pterygoid

Associated:

anterior belly of digastric

mylohyoid

tensor veil

tensortympani

V1 leaves inner part of skull and enters the orbit from

superior orbital fissure

What are the cutaneous branches of V1

supraorbital n

supratrochlear n

infratrochlear n

external nasal n

V2 internally goes through the ____ ____ to enter the _________ fossa

foramen rotindum

pterygopalatine fossa

what is foramen rotundum

opening within the sphenoid bone

what are the terminal branches of V2

Infraoribital nerve

zygomaticofacial

zygomaticotemporal

V3 exits the internal skull through the ____ ____ to enter the ____ ____

foramen ovale

infratemporal fossa

what is the foramen ovale

an opening behind the foramen rotundum

branches of V3?

Auriculotemporal nerve

Buccal n

Mental n ( branch from inf. alveolar n)

which facial muscles are responsible for elevating the lips

lavator anguli oris

zygomaticus major

levator labii superioris

what about to depress the lip

depressor anguli oris

depressor labii inferioris

what is parotid duct and what is its path of travel from paritd gland to mouth

structure that carries saliva from parotid duct, travels sitting on top of masseter, then goes INTO buccinator to then opening into mouth opposite to upper second molar

CN VII

1=Temporal

2=zygomatic

3=buccal

4=marginal mand

5=cervical

facial nerve exits from the brain and enters the ___ ___ ___ of the petrtous bone and exit through the __ ___ ___ and _____ ___

internal acoustic meatus

external acoustic meatus

stylomastoid foramen

what does temporal nerve branch of CN VII innervate

Frontalis muscle

what does zygomatic nerve branch of CN VII innervate

orbicularis oculi

what does buccal nerve branch of CN VII innervate

Buccinator, orbicularis oris

what does Marginal Mand nerve branch of CN VII innervate

depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, and mentalis muscles.

what does cervical nerve branch of CN VII innervate

Platysma

Taste sensation travels along that path with an ultimate destination of

geniculate ganglion

what is that path for taste again?

anterior 2/3 of tongue→ lingual nerve→chorda tympani→facial nerve and geniculate ganglion

afferent

what about pain (SS) path

needle through ante 2/3 of tongue→goes through lingual nerve→semilunar ganglion (ganglion of trigeminal nerve) responsible for somatosensory

afferent

parasympathetic nerve fibers path

first part of cell body comes from pons (from CNS) (para pre)→travel w/ facial nerve→chorda tympani→ lingual nerve→submandibular ganglion→ para post begins providing innervation to submand and sublingual glands

efferent