Higher history - Migration and Empire

What is a push factor?

Something that forces you to leave your area or country

What is a pull factor?

Something that attracts you ti another area or country

What countries did Scots emigrated to? (4)

• India

• Canada

• Australia

• New Zealand

What are some PUSH reasons highlanders moved abroad? (6)

• Kicked off of land by landlords

• Fishing industries declined in costal towns

• The potato famine in 1840s

• Landlords who had financial difficulties heightened their rent prices which forced many tenants to leave

• After the highland clearances, some highlanders still left for the fear that evictions would happen again

• The collapse of the Kelp trade forced many into poverty

What are some PULL reasons highlanders moved abroad? (6)

• Governments in Canada, Australia & US offered large plots of land for cheap

• Growing economies overseas needed workers for farming, construction & logging

• Gold rushes in Australia and North America in the mid 1800s attracted many people looking for wealth

• Some colonial governments paid for the travel costs to settlers to boost their workforces

• Some Scottish landowners paid their evictees Ben’s ts travel costs abroad

• Friends & Family convinced them to come through letters

What are some PUSH reasons lowlanders moved abroad? (6)

• Large land owners combined small farms into big commercial farms to make money

• The pay for handloom weavers dropped

• Many rural workers move to Glasgow for work but factories didnt have enough space for everyone

• Cities became very crowded with poor housing, dirt & rapid disease

What is internal migration?

The migration of people within the same country

What are some PUSH factors for INTERNAL migration of Scots? (4)

• Highlanders migrating to lowlands due to the highland clearances

• The decline of the Kelp and Fishing industries resulted in Highlanders migrating to the lowlands

• Limited job variety resulted in farmers & Labourers struggling to support families

• The competition for land drove rent costs up which forced many families oit of their homes

What are some PULL factors for INTERNAL migration of Scots? (4)

• Cities offered more work in shipbuilding and engineering industries which attracted highlanders

• Urban jobs had a higher pay

• Regular employment meant people could improve their living conditions

• Cities had better access to amenities such as hospitals, schools and entertainment