Neonatal care, medical nursing, and fluid therapy

Hypothermia

Abnormally low body temperature. The measured body temperature must be compared with what is normal for the age group, because neonates have lower body temperature than adults.

Foal

A juvenile horse, nursing from its mother

Congenital

Born with a specific condition. Can be genetic or environmentally induced.

Neonatal period

In puppies and kittens the first 2 to 4 weeks of life are characterized by complete dependence on the mother, because of incomplete neurologic functions, such as audio and visual abilities, and proper spinal reflexes

Dehydration

Abnormal depletion of body fluid

Hypoglycemia

Lower the normal levels of blood glucose resulting in lack of fuel to the brain and other organ systems

Genetic

When one parent or both parents transmit disease causing genes to the offspring that disease is described as this

Mare

Adult female horse

Sepsis

Acute severe bacterial infection, causing multi organ dysfunction, including poor perfusion of the limbs, cardiovascular collapse, and metabolic derangement, such as profound hypoglycemia

Neonatal encephalopathy

Results in abnormal behavior, poor nursing ability weakness, and is associated with other problems, such as sepsis neonatal, Gastroenteropathy, and neonatal neopathy

Failure of passive transfer (FPT)

A condition in which maternal antibodies from mares colostrum are not received by foal within 24 hours of birth

Neonatal nephropathy

Renal insufficiency in a neonatal foal. May resolve, or may be too severe for recovery.

Neonatal isoerythrolysis

Acute severe anemia caused by destruction of foals red blood cells because of maternal antibodies, causing an incompatibility reaction

Dysmaturity

Very large foal is born at longer than expected gestation age with long hair, coat erupted, incisors, and often with limb deformities

Neonatal gastroenteropathy

Gastrointestinal condition, characterized by abnormal absorption and motility of the G.I. tract. This leads to intolerance of a enternal nutrition was signed, such as reflux seen after feeding.

Colitis

Inflammation of the colon characterized by acute diarrhea, and often caused by an infectious organism, such as rotavirus, salmonella, or colostridium. Requires immediate treatment in an isolated stall.

Musculoskeletal abnormalities

A general term for muscular, skeletal system, problems seen in neonatal falls, including deviated limbs caused by tendon contracture, or by varus or vulgus deformities

Patent urachus

The condition in which urine leaks from the foals Uracus because it is not

Ruptured bladder

A tear in a urinary bladder or associated structures, that result in urine leakage into the abdomen

Entropion

Rolling inward of the lower eyelid of a foal causing ulceration or corneal abrasion

Septic arthritis or septic physitis

Infection in the joint or growth plate

Meconium retention

Retention of the first feces in the colon resulting in signs of abdominal discomfort, such as tail flagging and rolling

Prematurity

Foal is born before gestational age of 320 days and exhibit sign, such as low weight at birth, soft hair, coat, floppy, ears, domed, head, and incomplete cuboidal bone ossification

Congenital

Defect or disease present at birth

foal

Neonatal, or infant horse

Meconium

First feces passed by a newborn shortly after birth

Menace response

Head movement or blink of the eye in response to a threatening gesture; used to assess vision and animals

Placentitis

Infection of a mares placenta

Primiparous

Giving birth for the first time

Endangerment sites

Body areas to delicate for massage therapy

Goniometer

Measures the range of motion of distal joints

Gulick

Measures muscle mass

Myotherapy

Trigger-point massage

Agglutination

Cell clumping by antibodies, reacting to components of surface antigens

Colloid fluid

Synthetic fluids at expand volume due to oncotic drag by exerting a high oncotic pressure

Cross-matching

Test the compatibility of recipient and donor blood or tissue

Crystalloid fluid

A balanced isotonic electrolyte

Oncotic pressure

Pressure exerted on capillary walls by plasma protein