Ab Psych Module #2

Neurodevelopment Disorders

Conditions caused by differences in brain development and nervous system functioning

Intellectual Developmental Disorder

A neurodevelopment disorder involving limitations in intellectual abilities and everyday adaptive skills that begin during the developmental period

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A neurodevelopment disorder involving differences in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviors that vary widely in severity

ADHD

A neurodevelopment disorder involving persistent difficulties with attention regulation, hyperactivity, and/or impulse control that interfere with daily functioning

Schizophrenia

A psychotic disorder involving disruptions in thinking, perception, emotions, and behavior that can affect a person’s ability to distinguish reality

Positive Symptoms

Symptoms involving unusual additions to experience or behavior, such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms involving reductions in normal abilities, such as decreased motivation, emotional expression, speech, or social interaction

Disorganized Symptoms

Disorganized Symptoms

Catatonia

A condition involving major disturbances in movement, behavior, or responsiveness that can occur in certain mental or medical disorder

Dopamine Hypothesis

A theory suggesting that abnormal dopamine activity in the brain contributes to symptoms of schizophrenia

Diathesis-Stress Model

A model stating that mental disorders develop through the interaction of biological vulnerability and environmental stress

Etiology

The study of the causes and origins of a disorder

Developmental Perspective

An approach that examines how symptoms emerge and change across a person’s development

Biological/Medical Perspective

An approach that explains disorders through genetics, brain structures, and biological processes

Sociocultural Perspective

An approach examining how culture, society, environment, and stigma affect mental health

Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective

An approach focusing on how thoughts, behaviors, and learned patterns influence psychological functioning

Humanistic Perspective

An approach emphasizing empathy, personal growth, strengths, and the individual’s lived experience

Stigma

Negative beliefs, stereotypes, or discrimination directed toward people with mental disorders