Cell Organelles & Function

Nucleus

contains DNA in the form of chromatin & nucleosome

Plasma Membrane

fluid mosaic, it's fluid because molecules move freely past each other, mosaic because of the diversity of proteins in the membrane

Peroxisome

metabolizes waste

Histone Proteins

help organize DNA

Nucleosome

packaged the way DNA is wrapped around

Rough ER

prochices membrane proteins and secretory proteins

Smooth ER

makes lipids like steroids and helps liver cells and detoxifies circulating drugs

Golgi Apparatus

works w/ER, recieves, modifies, stores, and distributes chemical products of the cell

Transport Vesicles

carry enzymes and other proteins from the rough ER to the Golgi for processing

Lysosome

membrane-sac of digestive enzymes found in animal cells, break down large molecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, fats, nucleic acids

Peroxisome

bounded by a single bi-lipid layer membrane, uses molecular oxygen to oxidize organic molecules. uses variety of enzymes for breaking down fatty acids, detoxification of substances (e.g. drugs, alcohol in liver & kidney)

Mitochondria

responsible for cellular respiration, produces ATP from the energy of food molecules

Cytoskeleton

made of several fibers from different proteins

used for mechanical support, shape, movement

Microtubules

straight hollow tubes that guide the movement of organelles & chromosomes

Microfilaments

muscle contraction, motility, cell division, cytokinesis

Intermediate Filaments

provide support, not movement

Chloroplasts

found in leaves & other green organs of plants

photosynthesis - energy → sugar

Central Vacuole

stores organic nutrients (fats, carbohydrates, proteins) & waste

break down of waste, protecting rest of plant

absorbs water to develop hydrostatic pressure - keeps plant turgid

contains pigments or poisons