CR CVR: G List

All vocab words starting with G: mix of law, medical, court reporting, business, etc.

Gainsay

deny or contradict a fact or statement; speak against or oppose someone

Gait

rhythm of movement

Gallbladder

small, pear-shaped muscular sac, located under the right lobe of the liver, in which bile secreted by the liver is stored until needed by the body for digestion

Galvanize

shock or excite someone into taking action; coat iron or steel with a protective layer of zinc

Gangli

swelling

Garnishee

third party (such as an employer or a bank) that holds money or property belonging to a debtor and is ordered by a court to withhold those funds to pay a creditor

Garnishment

legal process where a court tells a third party to take money from a person's wages or bank account to pay a debt; two key types are wage this and bank account levy

Gastr

stomach

Gastroenteritis

acute inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines

Gate

structure blocking an entrance

Gauche

socially awkward, clumsy, or tactless

General Damages

intangible, subjective, and non-economic losses that are harder to quantify, such as emotional distress, pain and suffering, and loss of enjoyment of life

General Partnership

unincorporated business owned by two or more people who share equal rights, management responsibilities, profits, and unlimited personal liability for debts; easiest to form, often requiring no formal state filing, making it ideal for low-cost, trusted, small-business collaborations

-genic

producing, causing

Geriatric

pertaining to the treatment of the aged

Germane

relevant; pertinent; applicable

Gibe

taunting or insulting remark; deride or tease with taunting words

Gird

tighten, fasten, or bind with a belt or band; prepare oneself for a challenging, difficult, or dangerous situation

Glasnost

"openness" or "transparency"; refers to the 1980s Soviet policy instituted by leader Mikhail Gorbachev, which allowed for open discussion of political and social issues, freer dissemination of news, and greater government transparency

Glean

take; draw; derive

Glib

talkative but insincere and shallow; flippant; smooth-talking

Glioblastoma

rapidly growing tumor

Glum

dejected; morose; disconsolate

Glut

supply or fill to excess; overfill; deluge

Glyc-

sweet

Good Character

person's reputation and demonstrated history of honesty, integrity, and compliance with the law, usually defined by an absence of past criminal convictions or significant misconduct; used to prove credibility or to argue that a person is unlikely to have committed an offense

Good Faith

implied covenant requiring parties to a contract to act honestly, fairly, and sincerely, ensuring neither party destroys the other’s right to receive the benefits of the agreement; mandates adherence to reasonable commercial standards and the "spirit" of the contract, rather than just its literal words

Good Will

intangible asset representing a company's established reputation, brand loyalty, and customer relationships that provide value exceeding its physical assets; passes with the business’s sale; tendency, based on past habit and experience, of old customers to continue to do business with their accustomed place of business

Gorilla

large primate

Grading

create a stable, sloped, or crowned road surface that manages water runoff and provides a smooth, safe ride

Grand Jury

constitutionally mandated body of 16–23 citizens convened to investigate potential crimes and determine if sufficient evidence ("probable cause") exists to issue an "indictment" and initiate a criminal trial; they operate in secret, serve long terms (often 12–18 months), and act as a check on prosecutorial power; hears only one side of a case as presented by the prosecuting attorney to determine if there is enough evidence to formally charge a defendant with a crime and hold him or her for trial

Grand Jury Investigation

type of hearing that takes place before the actual trial itself where a group of people are selected from citizens of the community to sit on a jury that will decide whether the prosecutor’s evidence provides probable cause to issue an indictment; no one has been arrested, so there is no defendant, and therefore the information presented is all ex parte (one-sided); held in secret behind closed doors; purpose is to investigate and determine if there is sufficient evidence to charge a person with a criminal offense; number varies but is usually 23 with 12-16 required for a quorum

Grand Larceny

theft of property or money that is above a specific value threshold set by state law making it a serious felony offense rather than a misdemeanor

Grantee

individual, organization, or entity that receives a grant, property, or legal rights from another party

Grantor

individual or entity that transfers ownership of assets, creates a trust, or grants rights/options to another party

Grate

framework of bars; to annoy

Grating

scraping; irritating; framework of parallel or crossed bars

Gratuitous

something given free of charge, or something that is uncalled-for, unwarranted, and unjustified; today, the word is most frequently used negatively to describe unnecessary, excessive, or unprovoked actions

Great

large, distinguished

Gregarious

sociable; outgoing; convivial

Grisly

gruesome

Grizzly

species of bear; partly gray

Grotto

small picturesque cave, especially an artificial one in a park or garden; indoor structure resembling a cave; prayer cave

Grounds for Objection

specific, recognized reasons allowed by court rules and given by the objecting attorney to formally protest and prevent the admission of evidence, testimony, or an improper question during a trial or hearing

Guardian

one appointed by the court to be responsible for the person and/or property of another; person or entity to whom the law has entrusted the custody and control of the person or estate, or both, of an infant or other incompetent

Guardian Ad Litem

court-appointed individual, often an attorney or trained volunteer (CASA), designated to protect the best interests of a child or legally incompetent person in cases like custody, divorce, or neglect by investigating, interviewing parties, and submitting reports with recommendations that heavily influence court decisions

Guerrilla

kind of soldier

Guile

sly; cunning intelligence; crafty

Guilty Plea

formal admission in court by a defendant that they committed a charged offense, resulting in a conviction without a trial; waives rights to a jury trial, cross-examination, and appeal; follows a plea bargain to reduce charges or sentences; after entering this, the sentence may be pronounced immediately, or the case may be set for a later hearing, and a presentence investigation may be ordered

Gulag

vast system of forced-labor and detention camps in the former Soviet Union; today, the term is used in English more broadly to describe any severe prison, labor camp, or detention facility

Guttural

produced in the throat; harsh-sounding; gruff

Gynecology

branch of medicine which treats diseases of the genital tract in women