Art Appreciation (Midterms: Production, Process, Medium, Technique, Curation

Medium

The word _____, comes from the Latin word _____, denotes the means by which an artist communicates their idea.

Medium

It is also the stuff the artist uses to create works of art. Or the materials the artist uses to translate their feelings or thought into a beautiful reality.

Auditory Visual

Medium is classified into two categories:

A_____

V_____

Visual

These are the mediums that can be seen and which occupy space.

Auditory

These are the mediums that can be heard and which are expressed in time. These can be music and literature.

Combined Arts

Modified True or False: Change the underlined if False.

Visual arts exist both seen and heard.

Combined Arts

Mediums that can be both seen and heard. It can also be seen and heard.

False

True or False:

When an artist chooses their medium, they believe that this cannot be the best way to express the idea they want to convey.

Technique

It is the manner in which the artist controls their medium to achieve the desired effect. It has to do with the way they manipulate the work of art.

Watercolor Fresco Tempera Pastel Encaustic Oil Acrylic Mosaic Stained Glass Tapestry Drawing Bistre Crayons Charcoal Silverpoint Print Making

What are the Mediums of Visual Arts?

W

F

T

P

E

O

A

M

SG

TP

D

B

C

CH

SP

PM

Watercolor

It is a visual medium that is difficult to handle because it is difficult to produce warm and rich tones.

Fresco

This is painting on a moist plaster surface with colors ground in water or a limewater mixture.

Tempera

Paints are mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white and ore.

Pastel

This is a stick of dried paste mage of pigments ground with chalk and compounded with gum water.

Encaustic

This one of the early mediums used by the Egyptians for the painted portrait on mummy cases. This is done by painting with wax colors fixed with heat.

Oil

____ Is one of the most expensive activities today. It is pigments mixed with linseed oil and applied into a canvas.

Acrylic

This medium is used popularly with contemporary painters. Has the quick drying characteristic of watercolor and the flexibility of oil.

Mosaic

Is a picture or decoration made of small pieces of inlaid colored stones or glass called “Tesserae” which most often are cut into squares glued on a surface with plaster.

Byzantine

Which empire was mosaic an important feature?

Stained Glass

An artwork common in Gothic Cathedrals and churches. Made by combining many small pieces of colored glass which are held together by bands of lead.

Tapestry

This is a fabric consisting of a warp upon which colored threads are woven by hand to produce a design,

Drawing

Is usually done on paper, using pencil pen and ink, or charcoal. Is the most fundamental of all skill necessary in the arts.

True

True or False:

Pencils come in different degrees of hardness and softness, with the pencil lead (graphite).

Bistre

Is a brown pigment extracted from the soot of wood, often used in pen and wash drawings.

Gouache

Modified True or False: Change the underlined if False.

Watercolor is the method used to make an opaque watercolor painting the major effects which are caused by the white paper itself.

Crayons

Are pigments bound by wax and compressed into painted sticks used for drawing especially among children in the elementary grade.

Charcoal

These are carbonaceous materials obtained by heating wood or other organic substances in the absence of air.

Charcoal

Modified True or False: Change the underlined if False.

Bistre is used in representing broad masses of light and shadow.

Silverpoint

The artist has the technique of drawing with a silver stylus on specially prepared paper to produce a thin grayish line.

Print Making

A _____ is anything on a surface that is a direct result from a duplicating process.

Woodcut Engraving Intaglio Stencil Printing Relief

What are the Five Major Types of Prints?

WC

E

INT

SP

R

Woodcut

This is made from a piece of wood. This design stands as a relief, the remaining surface of the block being cut away.

Engraving

This is the art of forming designs by cutting, corrosion by acids. In _____, the lines of the designs are cut into a metal plate with ink nd transferred from the plate to the paper.

Intaglio

Is a printing process in which the design or the text is engraved into the surface of the place and the ink is transferred to paper from the groover.

Stencil Printing

Is very common art done by High School students. Involves cutting of the design on special paper cardboard or metal sheet in such way that when ink is rubbed over it, the design is reproduced on the surface.

Relief

Involves cutting away from a block of wood or linoleum the parts of the design that the artist wants to be seen. The design gives the appearance of the third dimension.

Stone Granite Jade Ivory Metals Bronze Brass Copper Gold and Silver Lead Plaster Clay Glass Wood

What are the Mediums of Sculpture?

S

GR

J

I

M

B

BR

C

GS

L

P

CL

GL

W

Stone

Is a hard substance formed from mineral and earth material. The finish is granular and dull in appearance. Used for gravestones in cemeteries.

Granite

Is a granular igneous rock composed of feldopars and quartz, usually combined with other materials and is quite difficult to chisel.

Marble

Is limestone in a more or less crystalline state and is capable of taking high polish, It is easier to carve than granite.

Jade

Is a fine, colorful stone usually green, and is used widely in Ancient China. It is highly esteemed as an ornamental stone for carving and fashioning jewelry.

Ivory

Comes from the main parts of the tusks of elephants. Is the hard, white substance used to make carvings and billiard balls

Metals

A class of elementary substances as gold, silver, or copper all which are characterized by capacity, conductivity, ductility, and peculiar luster.

Bronze

Is another by product of metal consisting of copper and tin with color and is one of the most universally popular metals for sculpture.

Brass

An alloy of copper and zinc is not popularly used by artists because of its limitations. It does not rust, and takes a brilliant polish.

Bronze

Modified True or False: Change the underlined if False.

Brass is one of the most universally popular metals for sculpture.

Copper

Has a peculiar brilliance, is used as a costing medium. This is basically shaped by hammering. It can be turned into relief forms.

Gold and Silver

Are used as casting materials for small objects like medals, coins, and pieces of jewelry. Because they are expensive, they are used for either personal accessories or religious adornments.

Lead

A bluish gray metal is used for casting and forging. With the help of a welding torch iron.

Plaster

A composite of lime, sand and water. This is applied on walls and ceilings and allowed to harden and dry.

Clay

Is a natural earthy material that has the nature of plasticity when wet, consisting essentially of hydrated silicates of aluminum used for making bricks and ceramics.

Glass

Is a medium that is hard, brittle, non crystalline, more or less transparent substances produced by fusion.

Wood

Is a medium that is easier to carve than any other mediums available because it can be intricately carved.

Medium of Music

_____ is the sound produced by man and the human voice and by most musical instruments.

Vibrator Resonator

Musical instruments typically have:

V

R

Stringed Woodwind Brass Percussion

Mediums of Music are Grouped into Four Main Types:

S

W

B

P

Violin Cello Viola Double Bass Harp Guitar

What are the different Mediums of Stringed Instruments?

VN

C

VA

DB

H

G

Violin

Is the smallest of the stringed instruments and has the highest pitch.

Cello

Is a much larger than the violin and has a longer, thicker and heavier strings.

True

True or False:

Cellos rests on the floor when it is played.

Viola and Violin

Modified True or False: Change the underlined if False.

Cellos are played by tucking the instrument under the chin of the musician while playing.

Double Bass

Is the longest of the string instruments and has the lowest pitch.

True

True or False:

Brass Instruments is that the smaller the size, the higher the pitch, and the larger it is, the lower the pitch.

Harp

Is one of the oldest string instrument consisting of a triangular frame formed by a sound box, a pillar, and a curved neck, and having strings.

Guitar

Is a stringed musical instrument with a long fretted neck, a flat somewhat violin-like body and has six strings which are plucked.

Woodwind

Consists of tubes usually made of wood which have holes on the sides.

Flute Clarinet Piccolo Oboe Bassoon

What are the Different Woodwind Instruments?

FL

CL

PL

OB

BS

Flute

Is a musical wind instrument consisting of a tube with a series of finger holes or keys in which the wind is directed against a sharp edge. Often plays at solo parts in orchestral compositions.

Clarinet

Is a woodwind instrument in the form of a cylindrical tube with a single reed attached to its mouthpiece. It has a wide range and plays alto when the flute plays a melody.

Piccolo

Is a small flute, sounding an octave higher than the ordinary flute

Oboe

Is a woodwind instrument having a slender conical body and a double reed mouthpiece. The tone is nasal.

Bassoon

Is a larger woodwind instrument of low range with a double tube and a curved metal crook to which the double reed is attached.

Saxophone

Is a musical instrument consisting of a conical, usually brass tube with keys or valves and mouthpiece with one reed.

Trumpet Horn Trombone Tuba

What are the different Mediums of Brass Instruments?

TP

H

TBN

TB

Trumpet

A brass instrument with a powerful, penetrating tone consisting of a tube commonly curved once or twice around on it and having a cup shaped mouthpiece at one end and bell at the other.

Horn

Originally formed from the hollow horn of an animal but now usually made of brass or other metals.

Trombone

Consisting of a cylindrical metal tube expanding into a bell and bent twice in a U shape, usually equipped with a slide.

Tuba

Is the bass of the brass choir. It is also a valued brass wind instrument having low range.

Percussion

The word _____ simply means striking of one body against another with some sharpness.

Chimes

Is a musical instrument consisting of a set of slabs of metals which produce musical tones when struck

Glockenspiel

Is a musical instrument composed of a set of graduated steel bars mounted in a frame and struck with hammers and used especially in bands.

Cymbal

Is a conclave plate of brass or bronze that produces a sharp, ringing sound when struck played either in pairs, by being struck together or simply by being struck by a drumstick.

Xylophone

Is a musical Instrument consisting of a graduated series of wooden bars, usually sounded by striking with small wooden hammers.

Kettledrum

Is a drum consisting of a hallow hemisphere of brass or copper over which is stretched skin.

Chimes Glockenspiel Cymbal Xylophone Kettledrum

What are the Different Percussion Instruments?

CH

G

CB

X

K

Line

As an element, it is the simplest, most ancient and most universal means for creating visual art. It is the prolongation of a point. It may be straight, curved according to its direction.

Value

The relative degree of lightness and darkness in a graphic work of art. It indicates the luminosity that is the presence or absence of light.

Light and Dark

Other name for “Value”?

White Black

Modified True or False: Change the underlined words if it is FALSE

Black is considered as the highest value, and White is considered as the lowest point.

Medium

What do they refer to when “the lowest a point halfway between them?”

Dark

What is the point halfway between medium and black?

Chiaroscuro

Other name for Light and Shadow?

Light and Shadow

Also known as Chiaroscuro, from the Italian word for light and dark. Means of modeling a figure in depth, means articulating the form.

Form

External appearance of a a clearly defined area. It is a visual shape of an object or thing found in nature. They are used to describe simple objects and determine the structure of these objects.

Natural Forms

A category of form that we see in nature, such as the shape of leaves, animals, trees, and mountains

Geometry Shapes

A category of form that are evident in buildings.

Color

The quality of an object or substance with respect to light reflected by it, and usually determined visually by measurement of hue, saturation and brightness.

Texture

Is the surface treatment of an artistic work in order to give variety and beauty to any work of art. The sense of sight and the sense of touch are involved. They are smooth or rough.

Space

Is concerned with making all parts functional so that all parts of the work of art will contribute to make the whole a complete work of art.

Space

_____ works as an “Illusion” in the graphic presentation.